Perceived Risk and Quitting Behaviors: Results From the ITC 4-Country Survey

Costello, Mary Jean; Logel, Christine; Fong, Geoffrey T.; Zanna, Mark P.; McDonald, Paul

doi:10.5993/ajhb.36.5.10

Cited by 56 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…(Montgomery et al, 2003) People with a family member or friend with diabetes have also reported greater concern about diabetes and its complications. (Mani et al, 2011) Perceived risk is a component of behavioral activation and contemplating behavior changes(Costello et al, 2012; Larsman et al, 2012; Lyna et al, 2002) and may encourage adoption of preventive behaviors such as physical activity, at least in the short-term. (Chang et al, 2011; Mani et al, 2011; Montgomery et al, 2003) Diabetes interventions engaging couples have reported that couples can achieve reductions in caloric intake and increases in physical activity together.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of diabetes after a partner's diagnosis

Cunningham

Adams

Schmittdiel

et al. 2017

Preventive Medicine

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People socially connected with each other often share health risks, possibly due to shared environments and behaviors. In a retrospective cohort study, we examined whether incidence of diabetes was different for individuals with recently diagnosed partners compared to individuals similar on other characteristics but whose partners were never diagnosed with diabetes. We analyzed 2007–11 data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KNPC), an integrated health system with >3.5 million members. We estimated annual diabetes incidence controlling for demographic, socio-economic, behavioral, and health characteristics. Using propensity score matching and multivariate logistic regression, we compared odds of incident diabetes among co-residing partners ages 18–89 years of people who had been diagnosed with diabetes during the previous year (in robustness checks up to the previous three years) and people who had never been diagnosed but were similar on observed characteristics. Partners of newly-diagnosed people had annual diabetes incidence of 16.4/1,000, equivalent to10.8 times higher (95%CI: 9.2–12.6) than people whose spouses had never been diagnosed (1.5/1,000). Odds remained higher three years after a spouses’ diagnosis (45.4 vs. 11.7/1,000). Adjusting for other characteristics, odds of diabetes for those with a partner diagnosed in the previous year were 8.7 times higher CI: 7.4–10.2) than among those whose partner had never been diagnosed. Partners of persons with recently-diagnosed diabetes developed diabetes at much higher rates than partners of persons with similar characteristics who were never diagnosed with diabetes. Individuals with a recently diagnosed partner could be considered a high-risk population for screening and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of diabetes after a partner's diagnosis

Cunningham

Adams

Schmittdiel

et al. 2017

Preventive Medicine

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“…First are worries or concerns about health (Costello, Logel, Fong, Zanna, & McDonald, 2012; Emery et al, 2013; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2008) which are theorised to increase people’s interest in quitting smoking. Second are functional beliefs about the utility of smoking (Yong & Borland, 2008), which should be negatively related to quitting activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediational pathways of the impact of cigarette warning labels on quit attempts.

Yong¹,

Borland²,

Thrasher³

et al. 2014

Health Psychology

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108

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Objectives To test and develop, using structural equation modelling, a robust model of the mediational pathways through which health warning labels exert their influence on smokers’ subsequent quitting behaviour. Methods Data come from the International Tobacco Control Four-Country Survey, a longitudinal cohort study conducted in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US. Waves 5–6 data (n=4988) were used to calibrate the hypothesized model of warning label impact on subsequent quit attempts via a set of policy-specific and general psychosocial mediators. The finalised model was validated using Waves 6–7 data (n=5065). Results As hypothesized, warning label salience was positively associated with thoughts about risks of smoking stimulated by the warnings (β=.58, p<.001), which in turn were positively related to increased worry about negative outcomes of smoking (β=.52, p<.001); increased worry in turn predicted stronger intention to quit (β=.39, p<.001) which was a strong predictor of subsequent quit attempts (β=.39, p<.001). This calibrated model was successfully replicated using Waves 6–7 data. Conclusions Health warning labels seem to influence future quitting attempts primarily through their ability to stimulate thoughts about the risks of smoking, which in turn help to raise smoking-related health concerns, which lead to stronger intentions to quit, a known key predictor of future quit attempts for smokers. By making warning labels more salient and engaging, they should have a greater chance to change behaviour.

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“…Research shows that these beliefs can affect smoking behavior, although not consistently. For example, concern about the health consequences of smoking motivates many smokers to try to quit (Costello et al, 2012), and some smokers switched to “light” cigarettes because they believed these were healthier than non-light cigarettes (Cummings et al, 2004). However, across multiple prospective studies, the stated reason for wanting to quit smoking (i.e., health concerns versus other concerns) was rarely related to success in quitting (McCaul et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How risky is it to use e-cigarettes? Smokers’ beliefs about their health risks from using novel and traditional tobacco products

et al. 2014

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We sought to understand smokers’ perceived likelihood of health problems from using cigarettes and four non-cigarette tobacco products (NCTPs: e-cigarettes, snus, dissolvable tobacco, and smokeless tobacco). A US national sample of 6,607 adult smokers completed an online survey in March 2013. Participants viewed e-cigarette use as less likely to cause lung cancer, oral cancer, or heart disease compared to smoking regular cigarettes (all p < .001). This finding was robust for all demographic groups. Participants viewed using NCTPs other than e-cigarettes as more likely to cause oral cancer than smoking cigarettes but less likely to cause lung cancer. The dramatic increase in e-cigarette use may be due in part to the belief that they are less risky to use than cigarettes, unlike the other NCTPs. Future research should examine trajectories in perceived likelihood of harm from e-cigarette use and whether they affect regular and electronic cigarette use.

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Perceived Risk and Quitting Behaviors: Results From the ITC 4-Country Survey

Cited by 56 publications

References 41 publications

Incidence of diabetes after a partner's diagnosis

Incidence of diabetes after a partner's diagnosis

Mediational pathways of the impact of cigarette warning labels on quit attempts.

How risky is it to use e-cigarettes? Smokers’ beliefs about their health risks from using novel and traditional tobacco products

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