Percentile Norms and Accompanying Interval Estimates from an Australian General Adult Population Sample for Self‐Report Mood Scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES‐D, DASS, DASS‐21, STAI‐X, STAI‐Y, SRDS, and SRAS)

Crawford, John R.; Cayley, Carol; Lovibond, Peter F.; Wilson, Peter H.; Hartley, Caroline

doi:10.1111/j.1742-9544.2010.00003.x

Cited by 362 publications

(334 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For example, the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in our population were almost double the levels found in an Australian population of 18 to 24 year olds (Crawford et al 2011). Our findings, therefore, correspond with other studies in international and Saudi literature that found medical students had higher levels of psychological distress than their peers (Dahlin et al 2005;Dyrbye, et al 2006;Al-Dabal et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Psychological well-being status among medical and dental students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

2015

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Objectives: Medical and dental students experience poor psychological well-being relative to their peers. This study aimed to assess the psychological well-being among medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia, identify the high-risk groups and assess the association between the psychological well-being and the academic performance. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 422 preclinical medical and dental students at Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia, were recruited to assess their depression, anxiety, stress, self-efficacy and satisfaction with life levels using 21-items Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Students' academic weighted grades were obtained later. Descriptive statistics and univariate general linear model were used to analyse data. Results: High levels of depression (69.9%), anxiety (66.4%) and stress (70.9%) were indicated, whereas self-efficacy (mean ¼ 27.22, sd ¼ 4.85) and life satisfaction (mean ¼ 23.60, sd ¼ 6.37) were within the normal range. Female medical students had higher psychological distress in contrast to dental students. In general, third-year students were more depressed and stressed in comparison with second-year students, except for stress among dental students. Moreover, all females had higher self-efficacy than males. Life satisfaction was higher within the second-year and high family income students. Depression was the only psychological variable correlated with the academic performance. Conclusion: High levels of psychological distress were found. Female medical students had higher psychological distress than males, whereas male dental students had higher distress than female. Medical students at third year were more depressed and stressed. Dental students were more depressed in the third year, but more stressed in the second year. Attention should be directed towards reducing the alarming levels of depression, anxiety and stress among medical and dental students.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Psychological well-being status among medical and dental students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

2015

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“…It is a highly reliable measure that shows high convergent validity and has good internal consistency with a Cronbach alpha of 0.82-0.93 [34,39] Ronk et al 2013). DASS-21 sub-scale severity ratings are calculated based on the full DASS-42 severity rating [40].…”

Section: Dass-21mentioning

confidence: 99%

People with schizophrenia and depression have a low omega-3 index

Parletta

Zarnowiecki

Cho

et al. 2016

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is higher in people with mental illness and is associated with a 30 year higher mortality rate in this population. Erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (omega-3 index)≤4% is a marker for increased mortality risk from CVD while >8% is protective. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are also important for brain function and may ameliorate symptoms of mental illness. We investigated the erythrocyte omega-3 index in people with mental illness. One hundred and thirty adults aged 18-65 years (32.6% male) with schizophrenia (n=14) and depression (n=116) provided blood samples and completed physiological assessments and questionnaires. Both populations had risk factors for metabolic syndrome and CVD. The average omega-3 index was 3.95% (SD=1.06), compared to an estimated 5% in the Australian population. These data indicate an unfavourable omega-3 profile in people with mental illness that could contribute to higher CVD risk. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is higher in people with mental illness and is associated with a 30 year higher mortality rate in this population. Erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (omega-3 index) ≤ 4% is a marker for increased mortality risk from CVD while >8% is protective. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are also important for brain function and may ameliorate symptoms of mental illness. We investigated the erythrocyte omega-3 index in people with mental illness. One hundred and thirty adults aged 18-65 years (32.6% male) with schizophrenia (n=14) and depression (n=116) provided blood samples and completed physiological assessments and questionnaires. Both populations had risk factors for metabolic syndrome and CVD. The average omega-3 index was 3.95% (SD=1.06), compared to an estimated 5% in the Australian population. These data indicate an unfavourable omega-3 profile in people with mental illness that could contribute to higher CVD risk.

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“…20 Depression, anxiety, and stress scores potentially warranting clinical intervention were reported by 26, 27, and 32% of the sample, respectively. In terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms, 49 participants (43%) indicated that they were "extremely" or "quite a bit" affected by one or more symptoms in the past week.…”

Section: Response Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depression, anxiety, and stress (21 items): The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) is a widely used and validated measure of depression, anxiety, and stress experienced in the past 7 days, for which normative data in nonclinical Australian adult samples are available. 20 Response options range from 0 ("did not apply to me at all") to 3 ("applied to me very much or most of the time"), and clinical cutoff scores are available for each of the three subscales. 21 In the present sample, the internal consistency was 0.87 for each of the depression, anxiety, and stress subscales.…”

Section: Previously Accessed or Received Information About Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents’ perceptions of genetics services for congenital heart disease: the role of demographic, clinical, and psychological factors in determining service attendance

Kasparian

Fidock

Sholler

et al. 2014

Genetics in Medicine

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Purpose:We sought to identify the demographic, clinical, and psychological factors associated with parents' attendance at clinical genetics services for congenital heart disease. Methods:A survey assessing access to cardiac genetics services and a range of other variables was sent to the families of 213 children diagnosed with congenital heart disease between the years 2000 and 2009 at the Sydney Children's Hospital, Australia. Results:Of the 114 respondents, 22% had accessed cardiac genetics services. Variables strongly associated with service attendance included presence of a syndrome associated with congenital heart disease (odds ratio = 17.93; P < 0.001) and antenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (odds ratio = 4.13; P = 0.02). Most participants (87%) perceived genetic factors as "quite" or "extremely important" in the development of congenital heart disease, and many (73%) believed that receiving information about congenital heart disease and genetics was "quite" or "extremely important"; however, only 36% of participants could recall receiving information of this nature. Forty-two percent of parents reported current concerns about their child's health, and a substantial subset reported levels of depression (26%), anxiety (27%), and stress (32%) warranting clinical attention. Conclusion:There is a strong desire among parents of children with congenital heart disease for greater information about the role of genetic factors; however, most families do not access cardiac genetics services and report limited recall of information gathered from other sources.

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Percentile Norms and Accompanying Interval Estimates from an Australian General Adult Population Sample for Self‐Report Mood Scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES‐D, DASS, DASS‐21, STAI‐X, STAI‐Y, SRDS, and SRAS)

Cited by 362 publications

References 39 publications

Psychological well-being status among medical and dental students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Psychological well-being status among medical and dental students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

People with schizophrenia and depression have a low omega-3 index

Parents’ perceptions of genetics services for congenital heart disease: the role of demographic, clinical, and psychological factors in determining service attendance

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