Perception of Pediatric Pain: a comparison of postoperative pain assessments between child, parent, nurse, and independent observer

Hla, Thel K.; Hegarty, Mary; Russell, Phil; Drake‐Brockman, Thomas F. E.; Ramgolam, Anoop; Ungern‐Sternberg, Britta S. von

doi:10.1111/pan.12484

Cited by 99 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…175–177 Since children with retinoblastoma have to undergo many repeated procedures, normal anticipation anxiety around procedures might be magnified, resulting in intolerance of even minimally invasive experiences and mild pain. The child’s initial strong emotions may be suppressed as the child gives up, and re-emerge as depression, post-traumatic stress or developmental trauma disorder.…”

Section: Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma

Dimaras

Corson

Cobrinik

et al. 2015

Nat Rev Dis Primers

464

390

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Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the infant retina, which forms when both RB1 alleles mutate in a susceptible retinal cell, likely a cone photoreceptor precursor. Loss of the tumour suppressor functions of the retinoblastoma protein, pRB, leads to uncontrolled cell division and recurrent genomic changes during tumour progression. Although pRB is expressed in virtually all tissues, cone precursors have biochemical and molecular features that may sensitize to RB1 loss to enable tumourigenesis. Retinoblastoma is diagnosed in ~8,000 children each year worldwide. Patient survival is >95% in high-income countries, but <30% globally. However, outcomes are improving through increasing awareness for earlier diagnosis, new guidelines and sharing of expertise. Intra-arterial and intravitreal chemotherapy have emerged as promising methods to salvage eyes. Ongoing international collaborations will replace the multiple different classifications of eye involvement with standardized definitions to consistently assess eligibility, efficacy and safety of treatment options. Life-long follow-up is warranted since survivors of heritable retinoblastoma are at risk for developing second cancers. Defining the molecular consequences of RB1 loss in diverse tissues may open new avenues for treatment and prevention of retinoblastoma as well as second cancers in patients with germline RB1 mutations.

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Section: Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma

Dimaras

Corson

Cobrinik

et al. 2015

Nat Rev Dis Primers

464

390

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…NRS are a valid and reliable assessment tool and are recommended for assessment of pain intensity for acute postsurgical pain 21 . Parent proxy reporting of child pain has been used in multiple settings when child self report cannot be readily obtained; moderate relationships have been found for child-parent report in the acute postsurgical period 17,20 and for pain at home 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain and Health-Related Quality of Life After Pediatric Inpatient Surgery

Rabbitts

Palermo

Zhou

et al. 2015

The Journal of Pain

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Around 4 million children undergo inpatient surgery in the U.S. each year, however little is known about the impact of surgery and postoperative pain on children’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during the weeks and months after surgery. We measured pain and HRQOL in a large, heterogeneous pediatric postsurgical population from baseline to 1-month follow-up. Over a 20-month period, parents of 915 children age 2–18 years (Mean=9.6 years), 50% male, 56% white, admitted to surgical services at a children’s hospital enrolled in the study. Parent participants reported on sociodemographics, child HRQOL and pain characteristics at baseline and 1 month post-discharge. While the majority of children recovered to baseline by 1-month post-hospital discharge, 23% of children had a significant declination in HRQOL. Multivariate logistic regression analyses found that increasing child age (OR=2.1 for age 13–18), and presence of moderate-severe postsurgical pain at 1-month (OR=5.7) were significantly associated with deterioration in HRQOL from baseline to 1-month follow-up (p’s<0.05). While HRQOL returns to baseline for most children, a sizeable proportion have significant deterioration in HRQOL, which is associated with continued postsurgical pain at 1-month after hospital discharge from surgery.

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“…Parents will not know everything about their children's health, but self-report questionnaire data from young children may be inaccurate 23. Parental reports of their child's pain have previously been found to be reliable 24. SMS-track reporting in this study population was shown to have good validity when compared with verbal reporting with a specificity of 0.87, a sensitivity of 0.98 and a positive predictive value of 0.95 25…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Leisure-time sport and overuse injuries of extremities in children age 6–13, a 2.5 years prospective cohort study: the CHAMPS-study DK

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesIt is not known which sports are most likely to cause overuse injuries of the extremities in children. In this study, we report on the incidence of overuse injuries of the upper and lower extremities in children who participate in various leisure-time sports and relate this to the frequency of sport sessions.DesignNatural experiment including a prospective cohort study.Setting10 state schools in 1 Danish municipality: Svendborg.Participants1270 children aged 6–13 years participating in the Childhood Health, Activity, and Motor Performance School Study Denmark.Outcomes measuresOver 2.5 years, parents answered weekly SMS-track messages (a) on type and frequency of leisure-time sports undertaken by their child, and (b) reporting if their child had experienced any musculoskeletal pain. Children with reported pain were examined by a clinician and diagnosed as having an overuse injury of an extremity or not. The incidence of diagnosed overuse injury was calculated for each of the 9 most common sports in relation to 5-week periods. Incidence by frequency of sessions was calculated, and multivariable analysis was performed taking into account age, sex and frequency of physical education classes at school.ResultsIncidence of overuse injuries of the lower extremity ranged from 0.2 to 3.3 for the 9 sports, but was near 0 for overuse injuries of the upper extremities. There was no obvious dose–response. The multivariate analysis showed soccer and handball to be the sports most likely to result in an overuse injury.ConclusionsAmong a general population of schoolchildren, overuse injuries of the lower extremities were not common and overuse injuries of the upper extremities were rare. Organised leisure-time sport, as practised in Denmark, can be considered a safe activity for children.

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Perception of Pediatric Pain: a comparison of postoperative pain assessments between child, parent, nurse, and independent observer

Cited by 99 publications

References 22 publications

Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma

Pain and Health-Related Quality of Life After Pediatric Inpatient Surgery

Leisure-time sport and overuse injuries of extremities in children age 6–13, a 2.5 years prospective cohort study: the CHAMPS-study DK

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