Perception of the envelope-beat frequency of inharmonic complex temporal envelopes

Füllgrabe, Christian; Lorenzi, Christian

doi:10.1121/1.2126824

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Because of these neural interactions, the information in slow AM is simultaneously encoded in neural oscillations at f AM and f FM . As discussed in the following text, recent psychoacoustical studies on complex temporal modulations suggest both neural representations of the slow AM are important for auditory perception (Fullgrabe and Lorenzi 2005;Lorenzi et al 2001a). In this experiment, both the neural activities at high (37.7 Hz) and low (Ͻ14 Hz) frequencies are purely stimulus driven.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Although this study shows the presence of multiple neural representations of slow modulations in the auditory cortex, it does not provide evidence about whether these multiple neural representations contribute to sound perception. Recent psy-choacoustical studies of second-order AM (Fullgrabe and Lorenzi 2005;Lorenzi et al 2001a), however, show that the perception of slow modulations in a complex sound does depend on multiple mechanisms. Second-order AM sound contains two levels of modulations.…”

Section: Multiple Representations Of Slow Modulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychoacoustical results support the idea that both neural representations contribute to the perception of second-order AM, because the detection threshold of the second-order AM is degraded but is not completely abolished when intrinsic fluctuations at low modulation frequencies, around f 2 are introduced (Lorenzi et al 2001a). More evidence that the second-order modulation information can be decoded from both the neural oscillations at f 1 and f 2 comes from a study on the perceptual beating frequency of the second-order AM (Fullgrabe and Lorenzi 2005). When f 1 is Ͻ20 Hz, the perceptual beating frequency of the second-order AM depends primarily on the time interval between the main peaks of its f 1 component, whereas when f 1 is Ͼ20 Hz, the perceived beating frequency depends primarily on f 2 .…”

Section: Multiple Representations Of Slow Modulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Representations of Complex Temporal Modulations in the Human Auditory Cortex

Ding

Simon

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Natural sounds such as speech contain multiple levels and multiple types of temporal modulations. Because of nonlinearities of the auditory system, however, the neural response to multiple, simultaneous temporal modulations cannot be predicted from the neural responses to single modulations. Here we show the cortical neural representation of an auditory stimulus simultaneously frequency modulated (FM) at a high rate, f(FM) approximately 40 Hz, and amplitude modulation (AM) at a slow rate, f(AM) <15 Hz. Magnetoencephalography recordings show fast FM and slow AM stimulus features evoke two separate but not independent auditory steady-state responses (aSSR) at f(FM) and f(AM), respectively. The power, rather than phase locking, of the aSSR of both decreases with increasing stimulus f(AM). The aSSR at f(FM) is itself simultaneously amplitude modulated and phase modulated with fundamental frequency f(AM), showing that the slow stimulus AM is not only encoded in the neural response at f(AM) but also encoded in the instantaneous amplitude and phase of the neural response at f(FM). Both the amplitude modulation and phase modulation of the aSSR at f(FM) are most salient for low stimulus f(AM) but remain observable at the highest tested f(AM) (13.8 Hz). The instantaneous amplitude of the aSSR at f(FM) is successfully predicted by a model containing temporal integration on two time scales, approximately 25 and approximately 200 ms, followed by a static compression nonlinearity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Multiple Representations Of Slow Modulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multiple Representations Of Slow Modulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Representations of Complex Temporal Modulations in the Human Auditory Cortex

Ding

Simon

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…(2002), Millman et al. (2003), Fullgrabe & Lorenzi (2005) and Uchanski et al. (2006) who proposed that the secondary envelope causes modulation filters to be turned on and off over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MEG evidence that the central auditory system simultaneously encodes multiple temporal cues

Simpson

Barnes

Johnson

et al. 2009

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Speech contains complex amplitude modulations that have envelopes with multiple temporal cues. The processing of these complex envelopes is not well explained by the classical models of amplitude modulation processing. This may be because the evidence for the models typically comes from the use of simple sinusoidal amplitude modulations. In this study we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to generate source space current estimates of the steady-state responses to simple one-component amplitude modulations and to a two-component amplitude modulation. A two-component modulation introduces the simplest form of modulation complexity into the waveform; the summation of the two-modulation rates introduces a beat-like modulation at the difference frequency between the two modulation rates. We compared the cortical representations of responses to the one-component and two-component modulations. In particular, we show that the temporal complexity in the two-component amplitude modulation stimuli was preserved at the cortical level. The method of stimulus normalization that we used also allows us to interpret these results as evidence that the important feature in sound modulations is the relative depth of one modulation rate with respect to another, rather than the absolute carrier-to-sideband modulation depth. More generally, this may be interpreted as evidence that modulation detection accurately preserves a representation of the modulation envelope. This is an important observation with respect to models of modulation processing, as it suggests that models may need a dynamic processing step to effectively model non-stationary stimuli. We suggest that the classic modulation filterbank model needs to be modified to take these findings into account.

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Effect of modulation maskers on the detection of second-order amplitude modulation with and without notched noise

Uchanski

Moore

Glasberg

2006

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The mechanisms underlying the detection of second-order amplitude modulation (AM) were explored. The detectability of second-order AM (fixed depth for each subject) was measured for first- and second-order modulation rates of 16 and 2 Hz, respectively (slow-rate pair), and 50 and 10 Hz, respectively (fast-rate pair), with no masker, a low-band modulation masker (centered at 2 or 10 Hz), and a high-band modulation masker (centered at 16 or 50 Hz). This was done in the absence and presence of an audio-frequency notched noise centered at the carrier frequency of 4000 Hz. Both modulation maskers were "low-noise" noises, to prevent overmodulation. In the absence of notched noise, both modulation maskers impaired performance for the slow-rate pair, but only the low-band masker impaired performance for the fast-rate pair. When notched noise was present, the low-band masker had no significant effect for either rate pair and the high-band masker had an effect only for the slow-rate pair. These results suggest that second-order AM detection is mediated both by an envelope distortion component at the second-order rate and by slow fluctuations in the output of a modulation filter tuned to the first-order rate. When notched noise is present, the distortion component plays little role.

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Perception of the envelope-beat frequency of inharmonic complex temporal envelopes

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Neural Representations of Complex Temporal Modulations in the Human Auditory Cortex

Neural Representations of Complex Temporal Modulations in the Human Auditory Cortex

MEG evidence that the central auditory system simultaneously encodes multiple temporal cues

Effect of modulation maskers on the detection of second-order amplitude modulation with and without notched noise

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