Perception vs. Circumstances of the Child Sexual Abuse Event in Relation to Depression and Post-traumatic Stress Symptomatology

Abstract

The study examined the impact of the circumstances of childhood sexual abuse on post-traumatic stress symptoms and depression among female adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The sample consisted of 225 Israeli women divided into two groups according to the identity of the perpetrator (nonfamily perpetrator versus a family member perpetrator). A self-report questionnaire was used consisting of the following scales: demographic variables, the Traumatic Events Questionnaire, Childhood Sexual Experiences Scale, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale, and Depression Scale. The findings indicated that the identity of the offender significantly differed between groups only if intercourse had occurred. Women who experienced coerced intercourse scored significantly higher on depression and post-traumatic stress compared to those who experienced other forms of childhood sexual abuse.

Effects of perpetrator identity on suicidality and nonsuicidal self-injury in sexually victimized female adolescents

“…It was, on the other hand, shown in a study of women with CSA histories that a higher level of education was associated with lower levels of distress and argued that education was an important personal resource to cope with traumatic experiences. 28 It appears that ensuring the continuance of schooling for female adolescents would be of importance with regard to improving their skills in both protection from abuse and coping with the aftermath of the abuse.…”

“…Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that negative effects of abuse are associated not only with the objective characteristics of the abusive act but also with the subjective perception. 28 Social stigmatization of the victim is an important problem in Turkish culture, 43 which may be contributing to the negative effects of sexual dating violence. The increased risk of suicidality in the sexual dating violence group that we detected may be associated with the poor social support as well as self-blame.…”

“…Previous studies revealed that more invasive and multiple sexual abuse experiences have more negative effects and are associated with more psychopathology. 28 , 46 Chronic abuse is identified as an important factor that increases the risk of suicidality. 31 The current study did not yield any association of chronic abuse victimization by the same perpetrator with suicidality and NSSI, although revictimization was found to be associated with both suicidal ideation and NSSI.…”

Brain and Mind Integration: Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors Experiencing Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment and Psychotherapy Concurrently

“…The dual treatment that combines HBOT and psychotherapy (Hadanny et al, 2018) concurrently was the first to address both the brain areas suffering from metabolic dysfunction and the clinical psychological symptoms CSA survivors exhibit. This theoretical study model was based on evidence that traumatic experience impacts the brain (Rinne-Albers et al, 2013), the body (in terms of sensory sensitivity) and the mind (Lev-Wiesel and Markus, 2013). It attempted to answer the challenging question of whether the effects of CSA can be reversed by using a multidisciplinary approach consisting of hyperbaric oxygen treatment and psychotherapy.…”

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Women: A Case Report

“…Yine olgu bildiriminde hastanın özgeçmişi incelendiğinde erken yaşta babanın kaybı, annenin ikinci kez evliliği sonrası anneden ayrı büyüme, çok istediği halde eğitim olanaklarından yararlanmasının engellenmesi gibi çocukluk çağı travmatik yaşantılarının olması da olguyu TSSB açısından daha riskli bir hale getirmektedir. Çünkü travmatik yaşantıların kadın sağlığı üzerinde kısa ve uzun vadede olumsuz etkileri vardır (17)(18)(19)(20). Çocukluk ve ergenlik dönemin-den beri çoklu travmalara maruz kalan bireylerde (özellikle kadın cinsiyette) uygunsuz bağlanma şemaları ile kişilerarası ilişki-lerde sıkça sorunlar yaşadıkları, yakın ilişkide oldukları kişile-rin şiddet içeren davranışlarına daha fazla maruz kaldıkları bildirilmektedir (21).…”