Perceptions and evaluations of biosphere reserves by local residents in Switzerland and Ukraine

Wallner, Astrid; Bauer, Nicole; Hunziker, Marcel

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.03.006

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Though conservation laws have saved some endangered wildlife and natural resources, the use of resources for subsistence-level, basic livelihoods is restricted, a situation that seems to be inconsistent with the interests of local communities [7]. Previous related studies have provided more details on a number of issues, such as policy interventions that induced changes in livelihood [14,15], changes in residents' attitudes towards WHS [1], World Heritage Site designation impacts [12,14], tourism development and its impacts [16][17][18][19], and policy conflict issues [13].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though cases vary in different sites, residents' perceptions are widely used to monitor issues in these studies. It is well known that consulting local communities and understanding their views can achieve public acceptance of protected areas and, ultimately, conservation success [7]. For example, after conducting interviews with partners in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, researchers identified specific issues as side effects of the biosphere reserve designation: (1) restrictions in the use of forests; (2) loss of agricultural and pasture land; (3) an increase in wild animals; and (4) protection from floods [7].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes induced by policies can be of different kinds, such as changes in land use patterns, additional requirements for the production of certain goods, or new marketing opportunities for locally produced products [7]. Residents in WHSs mainly experience shifts in livelihood from traditional life to tourism-related activities, restrictions on access to and use of natural resources [8], tourism impacts [9,10], and related limitations that create more complaints [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Policy-Community Conflicts: A Case Study from Bogda Nature Reserve, China

2017

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Bogda Nature Reserve is a World Heritage Site (WHS) in Xinjiang, China. Potential conflicts between community development and heritage conservation are important topics to study and may have an impact on the sustainable development of heritage sites. In this study, we conducted a survey with the community residents of the Bogda Nature Reserve to examine major potential conflicts arising from local residents' perceptions regarding conservation policy and its interventions. The results indicated that the local community supports heritage conservation and development, but they expressed negative attitudes towards their present living conditions, especially due to policy-induced loss of benefits. Through the research, three major conflicts were identified: (1) a divergence in residents' awareness of the WHS designation and the conservation policy (grazing restriction policy); (2) negative changes in living conditions compared to before the WHS designation; (3) the degradation of well-being caused by tourism. In addition, expectations from residents were combined to assess the implications for the present situation and advise on conservation plans to facilitate sustainable management in Bogda.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Policy-Community Conflicts: A Case Study from Bogda Nature Reserve, China

2017

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“…However, finer-scale studies have reported that the effectiveness of protected areas is problematic at a local scale [10][11][12]. Finer scale studies have often identified problems that were mainly attributed to the interests of local communities during the establishment of protected areas [2,[13][14][15][16]. In fact, those variable interests often caused conflicts between protected area management and the needs of local people to gain a livelihood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Perceptions of Forest Value and Attitudes toward Management of a Recently Established Nature Reserve: A Case Study in Southwest China

Yang

Harrison

et al. 2015

Forests

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Abstract:Identifying the main sources of conflict and understanding the relationships between protected areas and local communities are critical to conflict resolution related to protected area management. We surveyed and assessed the perceptions of local people related to forest values of the Bulong Nature Reserve (BNR), Yunnan, China, and their attitudes toward forest management of the recently-established nature reserve. Factors OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 3137 influencing the differences in perceptions and attitudes were investigated. Our results indicated local residents preferred the economic value of forests, and they perceived more forest values after reserve establishment than before, especially for ecological services. Interviewees believed the value of the forests have increased, and predicted that the forest will have increased importance to their livelihoods and health in the future. Nonetheless, the majority of interviewees were dissatisfied with current reserve management. Variation in these perceptions and attitudes were related to several social variables: age, gender, education, and distance from the reserve. Embedding the findings of the present study, specifically the perceptions and attitudes of local people, into management guidelines for mitigation of potential conflicts is proposed and should help managers to achieve biodiversity-related goals. This study offers new insights related to the identification of the underlying sources of conflict in forest management and provides a better understanding of the relationship between local people and protected areas. The study also contributes to the literature on forest values of indigenous populations by examining those of remote, rural populations in China.

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“…Based upon the difference in socio-economic conditions between developing and developed countries, we did not consider the latter in our review. However, we were aware that local residents in such countries do share their key perceptions, regardless of their origin (i.e., economic situation, history, and power balance between stakeholders) (Wallner et al 2007). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensation Payments for Downsides Generated by Protected Areas

Pechacek

Guo

et al. 2012

AMBIO

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Protected areas are powerful instruments to tackle the biodiversity crises. However, local communities believe that protected areas generate downsides for which they should be compensated. We reviewed (1) problem evolution, (2) the idea of compensation schemes, and (3) practical considerations. We found that compensations for conservation-related losses are insufficiently considered when protected areas are established. Schemes include controversial resettlements of human populations, traditional reimbursements, and recently favored incentive payments to encourage local communities to conserve biodiversity on their lands. The compensation process is typically composed of the verification of losses/facts, estimation of costs, and delivery of payments. Compensation schemes promote tolerance and awareness, and responsibility of the broader society while minimizing confrontations. They have the power to mainstream concern about human welfare in protected area management, and are therefore a key to successful conservation. Verifying the impact of compensations on achievement of conservation goals remains, however, difficult to prove.

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Perceptions and evaluations of biosphere reserves by local residents in Switzerland and Ukraine

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Conservation Policy-Community Conflicts: A Case Study from Bogda Nature Reserve, China

Conservation Policy-Community Conflicts: A Case Study from Bogda Nature Reserve, China

Changing Perceptions of Forest Value and Attitudes toward Management of a Recently Established Nature Reserve: A Case Study in Southwest China

Compensation Payments for Downsides Generated by Protected Areas

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