Perceptions and experiences of virtual reality in public libraries

Abstract

PurposeVirtual reality (VR) is becoming a more available technology including in public spaces like libraries. The value and role of VR as a tool for learning and social engagement are unclear. The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which library patrons and librarians perceive VR and experience VR through library drop-in programs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on research conducted in seven Washington State Libraries where VR was adopted for drop-in programming for the first time. Data was collected between March and June 2018 and involved interviews with librarians and patrons, a patron user experience survey, and observational field notes from researchers on site during library programs.FindingsFindings are presented in relation to user perceptions of VR compared to their actual VR experiences, and in relation to informal learning and social engagements. The authors frame the analysis and discussion in relation to sociotechnical imaginaries – culturally situated ideas about the relationship between society and technology, and considering the larger cultural landscape that informs collective views about the present and future.Social implicationsThe paper discusses pending and potential inequalities related to gender, race and class in conversation with technology industry and VR. Issues discussed include unequal access to technology in public libraries and representation of minoritized groups in VR.Originality/valueThis work takes a critical perspective considering the inequities in relation to mainstreaming VR through public spaces like libraries.

Librarian perspectives on the role of virtual reality in public libraries

“…Virtual Reality (VR) is one of the technologies that is increasingly starting to get adopted in libraries. While the interest in VR is growing, it is still considered an expensive piece of technology which not many people can afford (Dahya et al, 2019). Libraries could potentially be a good venue to introduce VR to the public without the cost from end users, but we currently have limited understanding of how to best offer this technology in libraries.…”

Virtual and augmented reality as predictors of users’ intention to use Lagos State Public Library, Lagos State, Nigeria

“…Also, the findings showed that VR may significantly improve students' engagement and increase their academic performance. Dahya et al (2021) conducted a qualitative study on the perceptions and experiences of VR in public libraries in seven US public libraries in the state of Washington. The study showed that both librarians and library users have hope in the possibilities VR might offer in the future though their actual experiences did not support these interests and hopes.…”

“…However, some of the accompanying challenges in the implementation of VR in academic libraries include, for example, technical capabilities, space and financial constraints. Earlier studies (Dahya et al , 2021; Lee et al , 2020) examined the perceptions about VR in public libraries, but the current study would examine their intention to use public libraries in developing countries like Nigeria. Contextually, public library users will have great intent to use VR and AR, provided they believe that VR and AR will be useful to them and they feel it is easy to use and relevant.…”

“…It is noteworthy that AR is a more recent technology than VR (Lin and Hsu, 2017). VR and AR are instructional and learning instruments that can prompt public library users to make use of public library resources and services (Dahya et al , 2021).…”

“…It is perceived that AR is not only a technology but also an effective channel to enhance library usage. VR and AR have been used to an extent in developed countries for library service provision (Dahya et al , 2021; Frost et al , 2020; Lee et al , 2020), but they are relatively new to library and information services in developing countries. This may be the reason why there has been few empirical studies to ascertain how the technology can aid and improve library usage, a gap which this study seeks to fill.…”