Perceptions and personal experiences of unwanted attention among Portuguese male students

Scott

Campbell

2016

J Interpers Violence

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The present research employed a mixed-methods approach and quasi-experimental design to examine perceptions and experiences of intrusive behavior (comprising 47 individual intrusive activities) within individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, or queer (LGBTIQ) with a matched (in terms of age, sex, and income) sample of individuals identifying as heterosexual (N = 214). Despite only minor differences between the LGBTIQ and heterosexual groups concerning perceptions of the acceptability of intrusive behavior, the LGBTIQ group was more likely to report experiencing a range of individual intrusive activities and to report experiencing stalking victimization (self-reported rates of 35.5% vs. 15.0%). Participant sex and personal experience of being stalked were minimally associated with perceptions of the acceptability of intrusive behavior. Sexual orientation significantly predicted whether a person had experienced stalking victimization, whereas participant sex did not. The qualitative analysis revealed that the two groups shared some experiences of intrusive behavior, whereas others represented a unique subset of intrusions that related to sexual orientation.

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions and Experiences of Intrusive Behavior and Stalking: Comparing LGBTIQ and Heterosexual Groups

Scott

Campbell

2016

J Interpers Violence

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“…However, if these behaviors are performed repeatedly against another individual who views them as unwanted, they can be threatening [9][10][11]. Stalking has been defined in various ways, including strict legal definitions that require the stalker to demonstrate intent and the victim to feel fear, or by broader definitions that include lists of constituent behavior [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stalking and Intrusive Behaviors in Ghana: Perceptions and Victimization Experiences

Chan

Adjorlolo

2020

IJERPH

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Most studies of stalking and other forms of intrusive behavior are conducted in the West. Little is known about the phenomenon in the African context. The present work represents the first dedicated stalking study conducted in Ghana. Based on a sample of 371 male and female university students, this study explored the gender distribution of overall perceptions and experiences, and frequency and duration of personal worst experiences of stalking and intrusive behavior. Several significant gender differences were noted. Females were generally more likely than males to perceive a range of intrusive activities as unacceptable. Females and males were equally likely to have experienced aggression and surveillance, and unwanted attention types of behaviors, while males were more likely than females to have experienced persistent courtship and impositions, and courtship and information seeking types of behaviors. In respect of their worst experience of intrusive behavior, females were more likely to report unwanted communications, aggressive courtship, property damage, and harassment of third parties, whilst males were more likely to have been threatened with harm. More than half of our participants (55.5%) were judged to have been stalked. Given the devastating nature and impact of stalking victimization, the findings may provide impetus to increase awareness of stalking in Ghana and add urgency to calls for anti-stalking legislation.

“…As Chapman and Spitzberg (2003) indicated, analyses based only on samples from individualist cultures cannot be generalized to collectivist cultures. Where differences did occur, they were between the collectivist cultures and the individualistic culture (Jagessar & Sheridan, 2004;Pereira et al, 2015). Analysis of samples from six sub-disciplines in psychology revealed that 96% of participants were from WEIRD countries (e.g., Australia, Europe, and the United States).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The other principal method of examining perceptions of stalking and intrusive behavior involves respondents reading through a list of intrusive activities and indicating those they believe to constitute stalking, or consider to be unacceptable (see Chapman & Spitzberg, 2003;Jagessar & Sheridan, 2004;Lambert, Smith, Geistman, Cluse-Tolar, & Jiang, 2013;McKeon, McEwan, & Luebbers, 2015;Pereira, Matos, Sheridan, & Scott, 2015;Sheridan, Davies, & Boon, 2001;Sheridan, Gillett, & Davies, 2000;Sheridan, Gillett, & Davies, 2002;Yanowitz, 2006). These works were conducted in Australia, Japan, Portugal, Trinidad, the United Kingdom, and the United States.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted within Trinidad and Portugal (both strongly collectivist cultures) demonstrated largely similar perceptions of 47 intrusive activities to those found within English samples (a more individualistic culture). Where differences did occur, they were between the collectivist cultures and the individualistic culture (Jagessar & Sheridan, 2004;Pereira et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Female undergraduate's perceptions of intrusive behavior in 12 countries

Scott

Archer

et al. 2017

Aggressive Behavior

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The present study examines young women's (N = 1,734) perceptions of the unacceptability of 47 intrusive activities enacted by men. Female undergraduate psychology students from 12 countries (Armenia, Australia, England, Egypt, Finland, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Portugal, Scotland, Trinidad) indicated which of 47 intrusive activities they considered to be unacceptable. Responses were compared with parasite-stress values, a measure of global gender equality and Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures. There was no unanimous agreement on any of the items, even for those relating to forced sexual violence. Cluster analysis yielded four clusters: "Aggression and surveillance" (most agreement that the constituent items were unacceptable), "Unwanted attention," "Persistent courtship and impositions," and "Courtship and information seeking" (least agreement that the constituent items were unacceptable). There were no significant relationships between the "Aggression and surveillance" or "Courtship and information seeking" clusters and the measure of gender equality, Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures or the measure of parasite stress. For the "Unwanted attention" and "Persistent courtship and impositions" clusters, women residing in countries with higher gender inequality and higher parasite-stress were less accepting of behavior associated with uncommitted sexual relations, and women in more individualistic societies with higher levels of gender equality were less accepting of monitoring activities. Culture may take precedence over personal interpretations of the unacceptability of intrusive behavior that is not obviously harmful or benign in nature.