Perceptions of aging across 26 cultures and their culture-level associates.

Löckenhoff, Corinna E.; Fruyt, Filip De; Terracciano, Antonio; McCrae, Robert R.; Bolle, Marleen De; Costa, Paul T.; Aguilar–Vafaie, Maria E.; Ahn, Changsun; Ahn, Hyun-nie; Alcalay, Lidia; Allik, Jüri; Avdeyeva, Tatyana V.; Barbaranelli, Claudio; Benet-Martínez, Verónica; Blatný, Marek; Bratko, Denis; Cain, Thomas R.; Crawford, Jarret T.; Lima, Margarida Pedroso de; Ficková, Emília; Gheorghiu, Mirona; Halberstadt, Jamin; Hřebı́čková, Martina; Jussim, Lee; Klinkosz, Waldemar; Knežević, Goran; Figueroa, Nora Leibovich de; Martin, Thomas A.; Marušić, Iris; Mastor, Khairul Anwar; Miramontez, Daniel R.; Nakazato, Katsuharu; Nansubuga, Florence; Pramila, V. S.; Realo, Anu; Rolland, Jean‐Pierre; Rossier, Jérôme; Schmidt, Vanina; Sękowski, Andrzej; Shakespeare‐Finch, Jane; Shimonaka, Yoshiko; Simonetti, Franco; Siuta, Jerzy; Smith, Peter B.; Szmigielska, Barbara; Wang, Lei; Yamaguchi, Mami; Yik, Michelle

doi:10.1037/a0016901

Cited by 410 publications

(341 citation statements)

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“…One possible explanation for these results could be that cultural, national and ethnic differences may influence the process of ageing (Barak 2009;Löckenhoff et al 2009;Torres 2003). Therefore, as expected given the significant but not substantial culture-related differences amongst the four nationalities studied, our results indicated a diversity of SOC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Nearly 35% of the population of Europe is projected to be 60 years or over in 2050 -an increase from 22% in 2009 (United Nations 2009). Furthermore, previous literature has already highlighted the fact that cultural, national and ethnic differences may influence the process of ageing (Barak 2009;Löckenhoff et al 2009;Torres 2003). The proportion of people aged 65 or over in Africa is projected to rise from 3% in 2009 to 7% in 2050 (United Nations 2009).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staying well in old age: Predicting older adults’ wellness

Humboldt¹,

Leal²,

Pimenta³

2013

Health SA Gesondheid

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In an ageing world, the potential for ageing well in older people is still relatively unexplored. Literature has suggested that a sense of coherence (SOC) is an important factor with regard to retaining a good quality of life in old age. To explore whether satisfaction with life (SWL), as well as sociodemographic, health- and lifestyle-related variables, are predictors of SOC in a community-dwelling sample of older adults and to assess significant differences in SOC amongst the four nationalities studied. Cross-national research encompassing a community-dwelling sample of 454 older adults aged 75 years and above was undertaken. Sense of coherence was assessed using the Orientation to Life Questionnaire and Satisfaction with Life (SWL) was measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Structural equation modelling was used to investigate a structural model of the self-reported SOC, comprising sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, professional status, educational level, family’s annual income and standard of living arrangements), as well as SWL, lifestyle and health-related (physical activity and recent disease) characteristics. Significant predictors were physical activity (β = 0.804; p < 0.001), recent disease (β = 0.501;p < 0.001) and SWL (β = 0.07; p = 0.004). These variables accounted for approximately 57.5% of the variability of SOC. Moreover, differences with regard to SOC were also found amongst the four nationality groups (F(3) = 5.204; p = 0.002). Physical activity is the strongest predictor of self-reported SOC. Other predictors are the absence of a recent disease and SWL. The four nationalities presented significant differences with regard to SOC. This study highlighted the need for understanding the potential factors (in particular physical activity and further health-related characteristics) that impact on older adults’ SOC.In ’n wêreld wat aan die verouder is, is die potensiaal van bejaardes om goed te verouder steeds relatief onbekend. ’n Toenemende literatuurbasis stel voor dat koherensiesin belangrik is om ’n goeie lewensgehalte vir bejaardes te verseker. Om te verken of lewenstevredenheid, sosio-demografiese, gesondheids- en lewenstylverwante veranderlikes voorspellers is van die koherensiesin in ’n steekproef van bejaardes wat nie in tehuise woon nie, asook om die beduidende verskille tussen die vier nasionaliteite met betrekking tot die koherensiesin te evalueer. Kruis-nasionale navorsing bestaande uit ’n steekproef van 454 volwassenes, 75 jaar of ouer, wat nie in tehuise woon nie. Koherensiesin is met behulp van die lewensoriëntasievraelys beoordeel en lewenstevredenheid is met behulp van die lewenstevredenheidskaal gemeet. Strukturele vergelykingsmodellering is gebruik om ’n strukturele model van die self-gerapporteerde koherensiesin te ondersoek. Die model bestaan uit sosio-demografiese veranderlikes (ouderdom, geslag, huwelikstatus, professionele status, opvoedkundige vlak, gesin se jaarlikse inkomste en lewensomstandighede), asook lewenstevredenheid, lewenstyl- en gesondheidsverwante (fisiese aktiwiteitsvlak en onlangse siekte) eienskappe. Beduidende voorspellers is fisiese aktiwiteitsvlak (β = .804; p < 0.001), onlangse siekte (β = .501; p < 0.001) en lewenstevredenheid (β = .07; p = 0.004). Die veranderlikes verklaar onderskeidelik 57.5% van die wisselvalligheid van die koherensiesin. Verder is daar ook verskille tussen die vier nasionaliteite met betrekking tot koherensiesin (F(3) = 5.204; p = 0.002) gevind. Fisiese aktiwiteitsvlak is die sterkste voorspeller van self-gerapporteerde koherensiesin. Ander voorspellers is lewenstevredenheid en die afwesigheid van onlangse siekte. Die vier nasionaliteite het duidelike verskille ten opsigte van koherensiesin getoon. Hierdie studie beklemtoon die noodsaaklikheid om die potensiële faktore − veral fisiese aktiwiteitsvlak en verdere gesondheidsverwante eienskappe − wat bejaardes se koherensiesin beïnvloed, te verstaan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staying well in old age: Predicting older adults’ wellness

Humboldt¹,

Leal²,

Pimenta³

2013

Health SA Gesondheid

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, the inclusion of cross-cultural samples in gerontological research could benefit the understanding of the culturally-diverse concept of SwL held by older adults (Löckenhoff, 2009 Vol. 9, No.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Health-Related Satisfaction with Life Scale Measure for Use with Cross-National Older Adults: A Validation Study

Humboldt¹,

Leal²

2017

RES

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Objectives: Literature suggests some inconsistent results in the validity and reliability of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS) in older samples. The objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the SwLS in a cross-cultural sample of older adults.Methods: This is a validation study to assess the psychometric properties of the SWLS in a sample of 1291 older adults 75 years of age or older, cross-culturally diverse and living in the community. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Item analysis and reliability, were also assessed.Results: The systematic procedure used in the SwLS validation points to a good level of psychometric properties, such as reliability, construct, criterion validity, external validity and divergent criterion validity, suggesting that the SwL is assessing a construct different from the ones evaluated by PANAS and OtLQ.Conclusion: The SwLS has demonstrated reliability, validity, and reproducibility for use in measuring health-related satisfaction with life among older adults in policy programs and interventions in community settings.

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“…Although some cultures afford respect and even reverence to old age (e.g., associating it with wisdom), Western societies tend to depict aging as a period of decline and decay (Löckenhoff et al, 2009). However, the emergent 'positive aging' paradigm holds that perceptions of aging are often misplaced: for instance, while recognising that aging is attended by manifold hardships, Tornstam (2005, p.2) suggests there are 'severe mismatches between the nuisances and miseries we tend to project on old age and what those who have reached advanced age tell themselves.'…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%