“…Theoretical development in the WPB literature has been described as weak (Blasé & Blasé, 2002;Parzefall & Salin, 2010;Samnani, 2013). Researchers have however, drawn on a variety of theoretical frameworks, such as the social exchange theory (Parzefall & Salin, 2010), a work environment framework (Hauge et al, 2007), Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory (De Wet, 2010), critical management theory (Samnani, 2013), social dominance theory (SDT) (Parkin, Fishbein & Richey, 2006), job demands-resources model (Van den Broeck et al, 2011) and symbolic interactionism (Blasé & Blasé, 2002;Samnani, 2013) to frame and understand bullying behaviour.…”