Perceptions of healthy and desirable body size in urban Senegalese women

Holdsworth, Michelle; Gartner, Agnès; Landais, Edwige; Maire, Bernard; Delpeuch, Francis

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802739

Cited by 151 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It is interesting to observe that there were more overweight and obese subjects who did not feel overweight than overweight and obese subjects who did feel overweight. This is consistent with other studies showing a greater level of body satisfaction in African subjects (Loveloy, 2001;Wildes et al, 2001;Holdsworth et al, 2004). In spite of this we found that women tried to lose weight more often than men and it is even more noteworthy to observe that 22% of YW wanted to lose weight but only 14% had a BMI greater than 25 kg/m 2 .…”

Section: Urbanization and Obesity In The Gambiasupporting

confidence: 93%

Urbanization and obesity in The Gambia: a country in the early stages of the demographic transition

et al. 2005

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Objective: To investigate the distribution of overweight and obesity and its relationship with socio-economic and behavioural factors in a developing-country population undergoing rapid nutritional transition. Design: Cross-sectional house-to-house survey in urban Gambia. Subjects: Four groups of 50 subjects were sampled as follows: young men (YM, 14-25 years), young women (YW, 14-25 years), older men (OM, 35-50 years) and older women (OW,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50). Measurements: Several socio-economic and behavioural factors were investigated. Composite indices for socio-economic status, education, healthy lifestyle and western influences were created. Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body composition was assessed by leg-to-leg bioimpedance. Overweight was defined as BMI ¼ 25.0-29.9 kg/m 2 and obesity as BMIX30.0 kg/m 2 . Results: There were highly significant gender and age differences in overweight (YM ¼ 0%, YW ¼ 10%, OM ¼ 6% and OW ¼ 34%) and obesity (YM ¼ 0%, YW ¼ 4%, OM ¼ 6% and OW ¼ 50%). Only 16% of OW were neither overweight nor obese compared to 88% of OM. OW had a higher fat mass percent (38.4%) than other groups, while fat-free mass (kg) was significantly higher in males than females with YW having the lowest value. Young generations were more educated and more influenced by western ideals than OM and OW. Weight gain was not always associated with weight concern and many overweight/obese subjects did not perceive themselves as overweight. Conclusion: Social and behavioural changes are already creating a perceptible 'generational gap' among this population undergoing rapid transition. The improved education and current lean status of the younger adults offers opportunities for preventative interventions. These need to be specially targeted at women.

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Section: Urbanization and Obesity In The Gambiasupporting

confidence: 93%

Urbanization and obesity in The Gambia: a country in the early stages of the demographic transition

et al. 2005

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“…Earlier studies have also shown higher incidence of obesity among females than males (Adebayo et al, 2014;Fadupin et al, 2014;Banwat et al, 2012;Wahab et al, 2011). The recurring higher prevalence of obesity among women have been linked to gradual weight gain with successive pregnancies, perception of weight gain as evidence of socio-economic class, fattening practices and sedentary lifestyle (Akarolo-Anthony et al, 2014;Holdsworth et al, 2004;Brink, 1989). The high incidence of abdominal obesity is worrisome following the reported links with liver fat accumulation and associated metabolic syndrome (Jakobsen et al, 2007;Haap et al, 2011), which could increase the existing burden on the Nigerian health system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in factors associated with overweight and obesity among civil servants in Lagos, Nigeria

Ajani¹,

Susan²,

Ariyo³

2015

Int. J. Nutr. Metab.

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Overweight and obesity constitute global public health problems with consequences on health and productivity of workers. This study was designed to describe the gender variation in the factors associated with overweight, obesity and hypertension among civil servants in Lagos, Nigeria. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 280 civil servants recruited from seven local government areas in Lagos state using random sampling technique. A pre-tested, intervieweradministered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure. Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured using standard procedure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test at p = 0.05. Age was 44.8 ± 8.5 years, 68.2% were males and 80.4% were married. About 64% had tertiary education; higher in males (70.7%) than females (49.4%). The crude prevalence of overweight and obesity was 70.7%. Overweight was significantly higher in males (61.7%) than females (52.3%) while obesity was significantly higher in females (47.7%) than males (38.3%). Abdominal obesity was more common in males (31.6%) than females (23.1%). Body mass index was higher in females (28.05 ± 4.9) compared to males (27.83 ± 5.8); WC was higher in females (94.6 ± 10.0) than males (93.08 ± 12.6). Obesity was predominant among civil servants aged 51 to 60 years in both gender groups. Systolic blood pressure (BP) was higher in females (124.08 ± 19.8) than males (122.4 ± 22.8) whereas diastolic BP was higher in males (84.3 ± 13.1) than females (83.7 ± 12.1). The prevalence of hypertension was 42.9%; higher in females (44.6%) than males (42.1%). Among female civil servants, overweight and obesity were significantly associated with age, education while among males they were significantly associated with grade level. Overweight, obesity and hypertension are high among civil servants; prevalence and associated factors differ by gender. Gender-sensitive public health intervention is hereby recommended to influence health behavior of civil servants.

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“…The increasing prevalence of obesity in the developing world is compounded by the cultural view of obesity as being a positive attribute, signifying both health and wealth. This is particularly so in African nations, 9 and is in stark contrast to the Western ideal, as portrayed in the mass media, of thin is beautiful! Central adiposity, ectopic fat deposition and obesity-related co-morbidities 'Not all fat is created equal' may be the new dogma in obesity research, with many studies reporting that the pathological effects of excessive adiposity are dependent not only on the quantity of fat, but on the distribution of the fat mass.…”

Section: A Changing View Of Adiposity Through the Agesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

Ferris

Crowther

2011

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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Past civilisations saw excess body fat as a symbol of wealth and prosperity as the general population struggled with food shortages and famine. Nowadays it is recognised that obesity is associated with co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Our views on the roll of adipose tissue have also changed, from being solely a passive energy store, to an important endocrine organ that modulates metabolism, immunity and satiety. The relationship between increased visceral adiposity and obesity-related co-morbidities has lead to the recognition that variation in fat distribution contributes to ethnic differences in the prevalence of obesity-related diseases. Our current negative view of adipose tissue may change with the use of pluripotent adipose-derived stromal cells, which may lead to future autologous stem cell therapies for bone, muscle, cardiac and cartilage disorders. Here, we briefly review the concepts that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, that differences in body fat distribution underline the aetiology of obesity-related co-morbidities, and the use of adipose-derived stem cells for future therapies.

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Perceptions of healthy and desirable body size in urban Senegalese women

Cited by 151 publications

References 23 publications

Urbanization and obesity in The Gambia: a country in the early stages of the demographic transition

Urbanization and obesity in The Gambia: a country in the early stages of the demographic transition

Gender differences in factors associated with overweight and obesity among civil servants in Lagos, Nigeria

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

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