Perceptions of motivational interviewing in genetic counseling practice and training

Abstract

Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counseling approach that allows a provider to engage in a dialog with patients to evoke motivation for health behavior change or decision‐making. MI is a relatively recent addition to the curricula of genetic counseling programs, and recent research has demonstrated its utility in genetic counseling practice. However, the perspectives of genetic counselors trained in MI have yet to be studied with the intent of illuminating how it is applied in practice or what should be emphasized in training. This qualitative study interviewed fifteen genetic counselors from various practice areas who have had training in MI. The interviews focused on how MI is being used in practice, and the strengths and weaknesses of their MI training. Five themes were identified through inductive qualitative analysis: (a) utility of MI in genetic counseling practice, (b) value of MI in genetic counseling training, (c) barriers to implementing MI in genetic counseling practice, (d) barriers to training genetic counselors in MI, and (e) timing of MI training. The perspectives discovered from this study can help inform genetic counseling educators who wish to include MI in their curriculum. In addition for those programs that already include MI, these results serve as a guide for the development of training role‐plays and/or standardized patient encounter scenarios.

Creation and beta testing of a “choose your own adventure” digital simulation to reinforce motivational interviewing skills in genetic counseling

“…Given that this CYOA provides a concrete example, it may help first‐year students better understand the applicability of MI to genetic counseling and may act as a practical scaffold upon which they can build MI skills (Kaltman & Tankersley, 2020). Nevertheless, views differ in terms of where to place MI in the genetic counseling curriculum (Spector et al., 2022). Some genetic counselors feel it belongs when teaching advanced counseling skills in the second year, while others feel early exposure would have been more useful and students need more time to practice (Spector et al., 2022).…”

“…Given the evidence for MI, several genetic counseling graduate programs have added MI to their curriculum (Spector et al, 2022).…”

“…However, the amount of MI practice students attain varies and may be insufficient to achieve competence in MI (Spector et al, 2022).…”

“…Given the evidence for MI, several genetic counseling graduate programs have added MI to their curriculum (Spector et al., 2022). However, the amount of MI practice students attain varies and may be insufficient to achieve competence in MI (Spector et al., 2022).…”

“…Given the evidence for MI, several genetic counseling graduate programs have added MI to their curriculum (Spector et al., 2022). However, the amount of MI practice students attain varies and may be insufficient to achieve competence in MI (Spector et al., 2022). A digital, interactive CYOA simulation represents a highly scalable approach to showcase MI skills and may increase use of those skills by GCs.…”