Gender inequality has always been prevalent in China in the areas of economics, education, health, and politics. Ranked the 39th out of 189 countries on the Gender Inequality Index of the United Nations Development Program, China has persisting gender wage gap--- females earnings are roughly 71.5% of males. During the reproduction process where both genders undertake different physiological and social roles, inequality concerning wage, employment, social welfare, and healthcare exists. The study explores socioeconomic and health inequalities faced by Chinese females during the reproduction process compared to their male counterparts, including wage disparities, unemployment, downward job transfers, postpartum mental disorders, and physical health issues. The paper shows that the gender pay gap has been persistent in China in recent decades and demonstrates an ascending trend regarding the childbearing and child-caring periods. There is also a persistent employment gap between both genders, which worsens particularly after reproduction. The career positions of Chinese females are negatively influenced by motherhood. Besides socioeconomic status, research demonstrates a high level of postpartum depression and physical disorders in new moms. Last but not least, the study aims to carry out feasible approaches to cure inequalities during the reproduction process, guaranteeing females sufficient access to broad social welfare.