Perceptions of Sexual Harassment in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Training and Practice

Zurayk, Leena F.; Cheng, Kristie L.; Zemplenyi, Michele; Burke, Andrea B.; Dillon, Jasjit K.

doi:10.1016/j.joms.2019.08.019

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…41,43 Furthermore, among those who experience SH, many do not feel comfortable reporting the offending actions to organizational leadership. 41,43 Finally, SH further aggravates the negative effects of hierarchy by worsening ethical and moral distress. 42 Apart from SH, other forms of mistreatment including bullying, discrimination, and other forms of harassment in surgery are also prevalent at rates of 22.4%, 40.3%, and 31.2%, respectively, based on a recent meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hierarchy may further negatively affect trainees by perpetuating mistreatment. In surgical specialties, sexual harassment (SH) and gender discrimination are highly prevalent, [41][42][43][44] with reported rates of up to 90% of female residents in cardiothoracic surgery having experienced SH. 41 SH is related to hierarchy in that persons in positions of ''direct'' leadership to trainees perpetrate SH at high rates of up to 71% in a study of cardiothoracic trainees and 31% of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) trainees.…”

Section: Areas Affected By Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 SH is related to hierarchy in that persons in positions of ''direct'' leadership to trainees perpetrate SH at high rates of up to 71% in a study of cardiothoracic trainees and 31% of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) trainees. 41,43 Furthermore, among those who experience SH, many do not feel comfortable reporting the offending actions to organizational leadership. 41,43 Finally, SH further aggravates the negative effects of hierarchy by worsening ethical and moral distress.…”

Section: Areas Affected By Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of Medical Hierarchy on Medical Students, Residents, and Medical Education in Otolaryngology

Salehi

Jacobs

Suhail-Sindhu

et al. 2020

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective To (1) review concepts of medical hierarchy; (2) examine the role of medical hierarchy in medical education and resident training; (3) discuss potential negative impacts of dysfunctional hierarchy in medical and surgical training programs, focusing on otolaryngology; and (4) investigate solutions to these issues. Data Sources Ovid Medline, Embase, GoogleScholar, JSTOR, Google, and article reference lists. Review Methods A literature search was performed to identify articles relating to the objectives of the study using the aforementioned data sources, with subsequent exclusion of articles believed to be outside the scope of the current work. The search was limited to the past 5 years. Conclusions Two types of hierarchies exist: “functional” and “dysfunctional.” While functional medical hierarchies aim to optimize patient care through clinical instruction, dysfunctional hierarchies have been linked to negative impacts by creating learning environments that discourage the voicing of concerns, legitimize trainee mistreatment, and create moral distress through ethical dilemmas. Such an environment endangers patient safety, undermines physician empathy, hampers learning, lowers training satisfaction, and amplifies stress, fatigue, and burnout. On the other hand, functional hierarchies may improve resident education and well-being, as well as patient safety. Implications for Practice Otolaryngology–head and neck surgery programs ought to work toward creating healthy systems of hierarchy that emphasize collaboration and improvement of workplace climate for trainees and faculty. The goal should be to identify aspects of dysfunctional hierarchy in one’s own environment with the ambition of rebuilding a functional hierarchy where learning, personal health, and patient safety are optimized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Areas Affected By Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Areas Affected By Hierarchymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Consequences of Medical Hierarchy on Medical Students, Residents, and Medical Education in Otolaryngology

Salehi

Jacobs

Suhail-Sindhu

et al. 2020

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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“… 3 In addition, the newer survey poses questions related to the outlook of pharmacy academia and hostility in the pharmacy academia workplace, two topics which have received considerable attention since the development of the original survey. 9 , 10 , 11 The study explores the relationship between hostility in the pharmacy academic workplace and intent to leave the current institution and ties these findings to work being done on citizenship and organizational citizenship behavior. 12 , 13 , 14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy-faculty work-life balance and career satisfaction: Comparison of national survey results from 2012 and 2018

Barnett

Lindfelt

Doroudgar

et al. 2022

Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy

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“…Issues of gender disparity are seen across a broad variety of medical specialties, such as obstetrics and gynecology, 1 otolaryngology, 2 neurology, 3 and pediatrics. 4 Women in surgical fields in particular still face barriers to reaching the top levels of academia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a glass ceiling at national trauma meetings?

Weaver

Smith

Sims

2021

The American Journal of Surgery

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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of women at national trauma meetings. Methods: Available scientific programs for the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (2013-19), Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (2010-19), and Western Trauma Association (2010-19) as well as the Scudder Oration at the American College of Surgeons (1963e2019), were reviewed for names of participants and categorized by gender. Results: Women made up 963 of 2746 (35.1%) of presenters, 252 of 1020 (24.7%) of discussants, 116 of 622 (18.6%) of moderators of scientific sessions, 189 of 707 (26.7%) of panelists, and 69 of 254 (27.2%) of panel moderators. Only 12 of 126 (9.5%) of named lectures or presidential addresses were given by women. Conclusions: The low rate of female named speakers suggests that there remains a "glass ceiling" when it comes to upper-level participation in national trauma meetings.

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Perceptions of Sexual Harassment in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Training and Practice

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Consequences of Medical Hierarchy on Medical Students, Residents, and Medical Education in Otolaryngology

Consequences of Medical Hierarchy on Medical Students, Residents, and Medical Education in Otolaryngology

Pharmacy-faculty work-life balance and career satisfaction: Comparison of national survey results from 2012 and 2018

Is there a glass ceiling at national trauma meetings?

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