Perceptual and lexical components of auditory repetition priming in young and older adults

Pilotti, Maura; Beyer, Tim

doi:10.3758/bf03195283

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Previous studies have used a resource-allocation model to explain age-related differences in perceptual encoding: as agerelated hearing loss increases, additional resources must be expended for the understanding of speech, leaving fewer resources available for the encoding of indexical information (e.g., Pilotti, Beyer, & Yasunami, 2001;Schneider & Pichora-Fuller, 2000). As voice discrimination performance in the present study was not systematically related to high-frequency hearing loss, results suggest that an age-related factor other than peripheral hearing loss leads to reduced encoding of perceptual features, replicating a similar finding from Pilotti and Beyer (2002).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Performance on this voice discrimination task was significantly poorer in the older subject group, but was not associated with degree of highfrequency hearing loss. The present results agree with previous studies demonstrating agerelated decrease in the encoding of voice characteristics (Naveh-Benjamin & Craik, 1996;Pilotti & Beyer, 2002;Sommers, 1999;Yonan & Sommers, 2000). Previous studies have used a resource-allocation model to explain age-related differences in perceptual encoding: as agerelated hearing loss increases, additional resources must be expended for the understanding of speech, leaving fewer resources available for the encoding of indexical information (e.g., Pilotti, Beyer, & Yasunami, 2001;Schneider & Pichora-Fuller, 2000).…”

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confidence: 82%

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Aging and Speech-on-Speech Masking

2008

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Objectives-A common complaint of many older adults is difficulty communicating in situations where they must focus on one talker in the presence of other people speaking. In listening environments containing multiple talkers, age-related changes may be caused by increased sensitivity to energetic masking, increased susceptibility to informational masking (e.g., confusion between the target voice and masking voices), and/or cognitive deficits. The purpose of the present study was to tease out these contributions to the difficulties that older adults experience in speech-on-speech masking situations.Design-Groups of younger, normal-hearing individuals and older adults with varying degrees of hearing sensitivity (n = 12 per group) participated in a study of sentence recognition in the presence of four types of maskers: a two-talker masker consisting of voices of the same sex as the target voice, a two-talker masker of voices of the opposite sex as the target, a signal-envelope-modulated noise derived from the two-talker complex, and a speech-shaped steady noise. Subjects also completed a voice discrimination task to determine the extent to which they were able to incidentally learn to tell apart the target voice from the same-sex masking voices and to examine whether this ability influenced speech-on-speech masking.Results-Results showed that older adults had significantly poorer performance in the presence of all four types of maskers, with the largest absolute difference for the same-sex masking condition. When the data were analyzed in terms of relative group differences (i.e., adjusting for absolute performance) the greatest effect was found for the opposite-sex masker. Degree of hearing loss was significantly related to performance in several listening conditions. Some older subjects demonstrated a reduced ability to discriminate between the masking and target voices; performance on this task was not related to speech recognition ability.Conclusions-The overall pattern of results suggests that although amount of informational masking does not seem to differ between older and younger listeners, older adults (particularly those with hearing loss) evidence a deficit in the ability to selectively attend to a target voice, even when the masking voices are from talkers of the opposite sex. Possible explanations for these findings include problems understanding speech in the presence of a masker with temporal and spectral fluctuations and/or age-related changes in cognitive function.The primary auditory complaint of many older people is difficulty understanding speech in noisy situations. Numerous studies have documented this age-related decline in the ability to comprehend speech in the presence of a masker (e.g., Dubno, Dirks, & Shaefer, 1987;Plomp & Mimpen 1979). This research has demonstrated that older adults with presbycusis generally have greater difficulty understanding masked speech than do young, normal-hearing individuals. Although a portion of this problem is because of the filtering and distortio...

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Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 74%

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confidence: 82%

Aging and Speech-on-Speech Masking

2008

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“…In contrast, perceptual manipulations often affect auditory priming. For example, auditory study produces greater priming than does visual study on auditory priming tasks (e.g., Loveman, van Hooff, & Gale, 2002;Pilotti & Beyer, 2002). In addition, Church and Schacter (1994) found that changes in the speaker's voice between study and test reduced auditory priming but had little effect on explicit memory.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with amnesic patients (e.g., Schacter, Church, & Treadwell, 1994;Verfaellie et al, 2000) and with older adults (e.g., Pilotti & Beyer, 2002;Sommers, 1999) have produced explicit/implicit dissociations in the auditory modality that are similar to those found in the visual modality. Auditory explicit and implicit memory have also been functionally dissociated by levels-of-processing manipulations, in which conceptual encoding enhances explicit memory but not auditory priming (e.g., Schacter & Church, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of generation on auditory implicit memory

Dew

Mulligan

2008

Memory & Cognition

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Current Awareness in Geriatric Psychiatry

2002

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of geriatric psychiatry. Each bibliography is divided into 9 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 General; 3 Assessment; 4 Epidemiology; 5 Therapy; 6 Care; 7 Dementia; 8 Depression; 9 Psychology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted

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Perceptual and lexical components of auditory repetition priming in young and older adults

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Aging and Speech-on-Speech Masking

Aging and Speech-on-Speech Masking

The effects of generation on auditory implicit memory

Current Awareness in Geriatric Psychiatry

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