Perceptual Judgments of Sports Officials are Influenced by their Motor and Visual Experience

Does Grit Influence Sport-Specific Engagement and Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise in Elite Youth Soccer?

“…The findings may however indicate the potential underestimation of time players invest in sport-specific activities, if only physical engagement is calculated. As previous investigations have highlighted the potential benefit of observing sportspecific games on perceptual-cognitive skills (Pizzera & Raab, 2012), there remains little empirical evidence of the performance benefits associated with engagement in sport-specific computer games. The results of the current study indicate gritty players accumulate approximately 1000 extra hours indirectly involved in soccer.…”

Introduction to the special issue: Officials in sports

“…Ces travaux en psychologie permettent ainsi d'examiner l'influence de facteurs internes et externes : les stéréotypes (Souchon, 2011 ;Souchon, et al, 2009), la réputation (Findlay & Ste-Marie, 2004 ;Jones, Paull, & Erskine, 2002), les expériences motrices et visuelles (Pizzera & Laborde, 2011 ;Pizzera & Raab, 2012), le public (Goumas, 2012 ;Nevill, Balmer, & Williams, 1999 ;Unkelbach & Memmert, 2012) ou le contexte (Brand, Schmidt, & Schneeloch, 2006 ;Dosseville, Laborde, & Raab, 2011). Enfin, les motivations des arbitres (Gray & Wilson, 2008 ;Philippe, Vallerand, Andrianarisoa, & Brunel, 2009) ainsi que la communication, notamment avec les autres acteurs des rencontres sportives (Cunningham, Simmons, Mascarenhas, & Redhead 2014 ;Dosseville, Laborde, & Bernier, 2014 ;Mellick, Fleming, & Davies, 2007 ;Simmons & Cunningham, 2013) ont egalementélargi le champ d'investigation des chercheurs ces dernières années.…”

“…From 2000 on, the literature started to grow and focused on aspects linked to judgment and decision-making as well as on physical and physiological dimensions. Expertise (MacMahon & Plessner, 2008;Ollis, MacPherson, & Collins, 2006;Ste-Marie, 2003), previous experience (Catteeuw, Helsen, Gilis, & Wagemans, 2009;MacMahon, Helsen, Starkes, Weston, 2007;Pizzera & Raab, 2012), stress and coping strategies (Louvet, Gaudreau, Menaut, Genty, & Deneuve, 2009;Voight, 2009) and visual perception of referees (Helsen, Gilis, & Weston, 2006;Oudejans et al, 2000) were thus investigated and debated amongst the scientific community. This work in psychology allowed for the investigation of influencing internal and external factors including: stereotypes (Souchon, 2011;Souchon et al, 2009), reputation (Findlay & Ste-Marie, 2004;Jones, Paull, & Erskine, 2002), visual and motor experience (Pizzera & Laborde, 2011;Pizzera & Raab, 2012), audience (Goumas, 2012;Nevill, Balmer, & Williams, 1999;Unkelbach & Memmert, 2012) and context (Brand, Schmidt, & Schneeloch, 2006;Dosseville, Laborde, & Raab, 2011).…”

“…Expertise (MacMahon & Plessner, 2008;Ollis, MacPherson, & Collins, 2006;Ste-Marie, 2003), previous experience (Catteeuw, Helsen, Gilis, & Wagemans, 2009;MacMahon, Helsen, Starkes, Weston, 2007;Pizzera & Raab, 2012), stress and coping strategies (Louvet, Gaudreau, Menaut, Genty, & Deneuve, 2009;Voight, 2009) and visual perception of referees (Helsen, Gilis, & Weston, 2006;Oudejans et al, 2000) were thus investigated and debated amongst the scientific community. This work in psychology allowed for the investigation of influencing internal and external factors including: stereotypes (Souchon, 2011;Souchon et al, 2009), reputation (Findlay & Ste-Marie, 2004;Jones, Paull, & Erskine, 2002), visual and motor experience (Pizzera & Laborde, 2011;Pizzera & Raab, 2012), audience (Goumas, 2012;Nevill, Balmer, & Williams, 1999;Unkelbach & Memmert, 2012) and context (Brand, Schmidt, & Schneeloch, 2006;Dosseville, Laborde, & Raab, 2011). Finally, referees' motivation (Gray & Wilson, 2008;Philippe, Vallerand, Andrianarisoa, & Brunel, 2009) and communication, in particular with the other actors of sport competitions (Cunningham, Simmons, Mascarenhas, & Redhead 2014;Dosseville, Laborde, & Bernier, 2014;Mellick, Fleming, & Davies, 2007;Simmons & Cunningham, 2013) were also recently the focus for researchers in this field.…”

Assessment and Comparison of Visual Skills among Footballers

“…By exposing these muscles to exercise and increasing their speed, fixation of visuals or judgment on the moving ball may be performed with higher accuracy, and the player could be able to react more quickly and more accurately during a match (8). It could also ease the preparation for the match as well (11)(12)(13). In other words, this helps the athlete to employ the concepts suitably in his/her sport after acquiring them.…”