Perceptual learning of non-native speech contrast and functioning of the olivocochlear bundle

Kumar, Ajith U.; Hegde, Medha; Mayaleela,

doi:10.3109/14992021003645894

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, the present testing paradigm also allowed for the measurement of the reaction time of the behavioral response. This kind of sound-to-picture association task has been previously used by several investigators (Curtin et al, 1998;Wong and Perrachione, 2007;Kumar et al, 2010). The phone-topicture association task was repeated if a participant asked for it.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phonetic inventory of Malayalam is very rich and contains fine phonetic contrasts that are difficult for nonnative listeners to identify (Kumari, 1972;Kumar et al, 2010). In the present study, native listeners' ability to identify the Malayalam phones in four pairs /l/-/ ì/, /r/-/-/, /Ô/-/t/, and / /-/n/ in the initial position of nonsense words were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…There is increasing evidence that the top down influences from higher centers of brain shape the short and long term neural sound representations (Brown et al, 1998;Suga et al, 2002;Brashears et al, 2003;Kumar and Vanaja, 2004;de Boer and Thornton, 2008;Kumar et al, 2010;Irving et al, 2011). The reverse hierarchy theory proposed by Ahissar and Hochstein (2004) emphasizes the importance of top down modulations particularly when the stimulus to be identified has subtle variation from the background.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, native listeners' ability to identify the Malayalam phones in four pairs /l/-/ ì/, /r/-/-/, /Ô/-/t/, and / /-/n/ in the initial position of nonsense words were studied. These pairs were formed on the basis of our previous study (Kumar et al, 2010) and by obtaining feedback from native listeners. Of these phone pairs, /l/-/ì/ and /r/-/ -/ can be considered as phonemic pairs as they occur in singleton syllable onsets in the medial position (Kumari, 1972;Mohanan and Mohanan, 1984;Asher and Kumari, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Descending auditory pathway and identification of phonetic contrast by native listeners

Shastri

Mythri

Uppunda

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The present study investigated the ability of native listeners to identify subtle phonetic contrasts in nonsense words and its relationship with the contralateral inhibition of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). A group of 45 young adults with normal hearing sensitivity who were native speakers of Malayalam participated in the behavioral experiment. Phone identification score and reaction time for four phonetic pairs in nonsense words were measured for each participant. Based on the phone identification score, the participants were divided into high and low performers. Twelve participants randomly selected from each group were evaluated for contralateral inhibition of TEOAEs. Phone identification score and global contralateral inhibition amplitude of TEOAE were significantly higher and reaction time was significantly shorter in high performers than that of low performers. Significant correlation was found between the phone identification score and contralateral inhibition of TEOAE. Strength of the medial olivocochlear bundle activity explained about 30% of the variance in the phone identification scores providing evidence for the involvement of the descending auditory pathways in identifying the phonetic contrasts that are acoustically similar. These results support the emerging view that top down influences from higher centers shapes the responses of lower centers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Descending auditory pathway and identification of phonetic contrast by native listeners

Shastri

Mythri

Uppunda

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…Although the examples provided in this review represented lifelong experience, there is also evidence of subcortical malleability following short-term training. [77][78][79][80][81][82][83] Future work is needed to determine whether musically based auditory training can be used as a management strategy for improving SIN perception in children and older adults who experience particular challenges in background noise. In response to the syllable [da], peak timing is less delayed by noise (six-talker babble) in musicians (black) compared with nonmusicians (grey), and the overall morphology (assessed by the degree to which the response correlates with the stimulus) is less degraded by noise in musicians than in nonmusicians.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Encoding of Speech and Music: Implications for Hearing Speech in Noise

Anderson¹,

Kraus

2012

Semin Hear

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Understanding speech in a background of competing noise is challenging, especially for individuals with hearing loss or deficits in auditory processing ability. The ability to hear in background noise cannot be predicted from the audiogram, an assessment of peripheral hearing ability; therefore, it is important to consider the impact of central and cognitive factors on speechin-noise perception. Auditory processing in complex environments is reflected in neural encoding of pitch, timing, and timbre, the crucial elements of speech and music. Musical expertise in processing pitch, timing, and timbre may transfer to enhancements in speech-in-noise perception due to shared neural pathways for speech and music. Through cognitive-sensory interactions, musicians develop skills enabling them to selectively listen to relevant signals embedded in a network of melodies and harmonies, and this experience leads in turn to enhanced ability to focus on one voice in a background of other voices. Here we review recent work examining the biological mechanisms of speech and music perception and the potential for musical experience to ameliorate speech-in-noise listening difficulties. KeywordsBrain stem; music; speech in noise; timing; pitch From busy classrooms to crowded restaurants, our world is a noisy place. To participate fully in today's society, we must selectively attend and listen to one voice among competing voices and other noises. Listening in noise is particularly challenging for clinical populations, such as children with learning impairments (i.e., dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder, auditory processing disorder, specific language impairment) 1-8 and older adults with and without hearing loss. [9][10][11][12][13] The problem with hearing in noise is often not an issue of audibility-the individual can hear but cannot To understand the message, the individual must process the three basic components of sound: pitch, timing, and timbre. Processing these elements is important for understanding both speech and music, and the musician's ability to tune into music (along with enhanced working memory and attention) appears to transfer to the ability to tune into speech in background noise. Music is said to be biologically powerful, 14,15 with effects of musical training on neural functions lasting for a lifetime. The auditory system is malleable and adaptive, making constant changes based on immediate sensory and behavioral contexts and past experiences, including musical training. 16 In this review, we summarize recent work examining the neural mechanisms of speech-in-noise (SIN) perception, including encoding of stimulus regularities, timing, and pitch, and the effects of musical experience on the neural encoding of speech, particularly in noise. SUBCORTICAL APPROACH TO EXAMINING NEURAL SOUND ENCODINGThe use of auditory brain stem responses to study the neural encoding of speech and music has been fruitful for several reasons. Unlike the cortical response, the brain stem response to comp...

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Test/retest repeatability of effect contralateral acoustic stimulation on the magnitudes of distortion product ototacoustic emissions

Uppunda¹,

Methi²,

Avinash³

2012

The Laryngoscope

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Results of the present study showed that contralateral inhibition magnitudes of DPOAEs varied considerably, even though DPOAEs magnitudes remained essentially the same across different recording sessions. As reliability is an essential aspect of any clinical procedure, it is suggested that at present contralateral inhibition of DPOAEs should not be used clinically to evaluate the medial efferent system. Laryngoscope, 2012.

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Perceptual learning of non-native speech contrast and functioning of the olivocochlear bundle

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Descending auditory pathway and identification of phonetic contrast by native listeners

Descending auditory pathway and identification of phonetic contrast by native listeners

Neural Encoding of Speech and Music: Implications for Hearing Speech in Noise

Test/retest repeatability of effect contralateral acoustic stimulation on the magnitudes of distortion product ototacoustic emissions

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