Perceptual organization of complex auditory sequences: Effect of number of simultaneous subsequences and frequency separation.

Brochard, Renaud; Drake, Carolyn; Botte, Marie‐Claire; McAdams, Stephen

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.25.6.1742

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As can be seen, the advantage of the cued condition for pitch retention was much larger when T1 was the intermediate component of the chord than when T1 was either the lower or the higher component. This finding may have some relation with the fact that, in multivoiced (i.e., polyphonic) music, an inner voice is perceptually less salient than the highest voice or the lowest voice (Brochard, Drake, Botte & McAdams, 1999;Huron & Fantini, 1989;Palmer & Holleran, 1994). In Experiment 1 or 2, however, the effect of cuing on pitch perception did not appear to be significantly dependent on the position of T1 within the chord.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 42%

Pitch perception and retention: Two cumulative benefits of selective attention

Demany¹,

Montandon²,

Semal³

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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By presenting, before a "chord" of three pure tones with remote frequencies, a tone relatively close in frequency to one component (T1) of the chord, one can direct the listener's attention onto T1 within the chord. In the first part of the present study, it was found that this increases the accuracy with which the pitch of T1 is perceived. The attentional cue improved the discrimination between the frequency of T1 and that of another tone (T2) presented immediately after the chord or very shortly (300 msec) after it. No improvement was found when T1 was presented alone instead of within a chord. A subsequent experiment, in which the chord and T2 were separated by either 300 msec or 4 sec, indicated that the attentional cue improved not only the perception, but also the memorization of the pitch of T1 (especially when T1 was the intermediate component of the chord). It is argued that the positive effect of attention on memory took place when the pitch percept was encoded into memory, rather than after the formation of the pitch memory trace.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 42%

Pitch perception and retention: Two cumulative benefits of selective attention

Demany¹,

Montandon²,

Semal³

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…However, the exact nature of this attention effect still remains to be determined. Brochard et al (1999) came to a conclusion similar to that in Carlyon et al (2001), in a study in which listeners responded to temporal irregularities that could be detected only when the listeners perceptually organized the sounds into separate frequency streams. The listeners were presented with sequences that contained one to four potential subsequences based on the frequency differences between the tones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In Carlyon et al's (2001) study, as was mentioned earlier, it cannot be ruled out that the act of attention switching itself may have mediated the perception of stream segregation. And in Brochard et al's (1999) study, the consistent performance obtained on the selected channel may have been a function of stimulus-driven factors for stream segregation (i.e., frequency separation), irrespective of attentional focus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional modulation of electrophysiological activity in auditory cortex for unattended sounds within multistream auditory environments

Sussman

Bregman

Wang

et al. 2005

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

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In natural situations, the auditory system is confronted with overlapping acoustic input from several simultaneously active sources at any given time. An important aspect of auditory processing is to sort the overlapping inputs into groups, each from a single source, a process called auditory scene analysis (ASA;Bregman, 1990). The ASA process facilitates our ability to choose one stream of information within a background of sounds emanating from many different sources, such as when listening to a stream of speech in a crowded room. The cocktail party provides an example of a situation in which it is common to attend to one stream of speech (one conversation in the room: the foreground ) while ignoring the rest of the auditory information (the other conversations and noise in the room: the background ).The present study focuses on a central scientific question in ASA theory: Which of the following views is more accurate?1. Streams are structured without focused attention, by preattentive processes operating over the whole set of sounds that are present. If this is true, more than one stream can be formed at the same time, despite the fact that attention may choose one or another for further processing.2. Attention is required to form a stream. Under this hypothesis, only a single stream is ever present as a structured perceptual entity-the one created by attention out of a subset of the sounds that are present. The unattended tones are simply an unstructured background. As attention shifts, different streams are formed, enduring only as long as attention remains focused on the stream.To address the question, we tested the extent to which unattended sounds are processed when one auditory stream is selected from a set of potential ones. Specifically, by using tones spanning three frequency ranges, we were In three experiments, we addressed the issue of attention effects on unattended sound processing when one auditory stream is selected from three potential streams, creating a simple model of the cocktail party situation. We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to determine the way in which unattended, task-irrelevant sounds were stored in auditory memory (i.e., as one integrated stream or as two distinct streams). Subjects were instructed to ignore all the sounds and attend to a visual task or to selectively attend to a subset of the sounds and perform a task with the sounds (Experiments 1 and 2). A third (behavioral) experiment was conducted to test whether global pattern violations (used in Experiments 1 and 2) were perceptible when the sounds were segregated. We found that the mismatch negativity ERP component, an index of auditory change detection, was evoked by infrequent pattern violations occurring in the unattended sounds when all the sounds were ignored, but not when attention was focused on a subset of the sounds. The results demonstrate that multiple unattended sound streams can segregate by frequency range but that selectively attending to a subset of the sounds can modify the extent to whic...

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“…It remains to be seen, whether this limit is rather small (e.g. similar, and perhaps even related to, the common limitation found for representations in short-term/working memory [34]) as was suggested by some studies [35] or can be large, provided that the concurrently active proto-objects are sufficiently distinct [36,37]. We discuss the issue of alternative sound representations further in §5.…”

Section: The Nature Of the Representations Underlying Sequential Groumentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistability in auditory stream segregation: a predictive coding view

Winkler

Denham

Mill

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

108

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Auditory stream segregation involves linking temporally separate acoustic events into one or more coherent sequences. For any non-trivial sequence of sounds, many alternative descriptions can be formed, only one or very few of which emerge in awareness at any time. Evidence from studies showing bi-/multistability in auditory streaming suggest that some, perhaps many of the alternative descriptions are represented in the brain in parallel and that they continuously vie for conscious perception. Here, based on a predictive coding view, we consider the nature of these sound representations and how they compete with each other. Predictive processing helps to maintain perceptual stability by signalling the continuation of previously established patterns as well as the emergence of new sound sources. It also provides a measure of how well each of the competing representations describes the current acoustic scene. This account of auditory stream segregation has been tested on perceptual data obtained in the auditory streaming paradigm.

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Perceptual organization of complex auditory sequences: Effect of number of simultaneous subsequences and frequency separation.

Cited by 54 publications

References 36 publications

Pitch perception and retention: Two cumulative benefits of selective attention

Pitch perception and retention: Two cumulative benefits of selective attention

Attentional modulation of electrophysiological activity in auditory cortex for unattended sounds within multistream auditory environments

Multistability in auditory stream segregation: a predictive coding view

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