Perceptual styles and their correlates among schizophrenic patients.

Schooler, Carmi; Silverman, Julian

doi:10.1037/h0027836

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among the perceptual procedures employed was the Gough and McGurk (1967) Perceptual Acuity Test; this test consists of a modified form of a number of illusions including the Miiller-Lyer, the vertical-horizontal, and the Titchener. Earlier studies (Gardner, 1961;Schooler & Silverman, 1969) indicate that such illusions are correlated with the two perceptual-response factors of concern here-perceptual differentiation and stimulus intensity control. A significant pattern of sex difference results was found on the perceptual acuity test between college students and hippies reporting only "good trips" on psychedelic drugs in comparison with hippies reporting "bad trips."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex differences in perceptual differentiation and stimulus intensity control.

Silverman¹,

Buchsbaum²,

Stierlin³

1973

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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The relationships between personality measures and electroencephalogram average evoked response measures of perceptual differentiation and stimulus intensity control were studied in two groups of male and female subjects. Significantly different patterns of sex differences and of correlations between the two types of evoked response measures were found. For example, among males, high anxiety and high neuroticism tended to be associated with undifferentiated perceptual responsiveness and stimulus intensity augmentation; however, among females, high anxiety and high neuroticism were associated with differentiated perceptual responsiveness and stimulus intensity reduction.This study is concerned with sex differences on two perceptual response dimensions: perceptual differentiation and stimulus intensity control. The first has been described in such terms as "field dependent-field independent" (Witkin, Lewis, Hertzman, Machover, Meisner, & Wapner, 1954), "inarticulated-articulated" (Garner, Holtzman, Klein, Linton, & Spence, 1959), and "yielding-counteracting" (Bauermeister, Wapner, & Werner, 1963). Numerous investigators have used the rodand-frame test (RFT) in studies of the ways in which individuals differentiate and structure the perceptual field. Although recent reports have indicated the need for a more complex formulation of RFT performance than has previously been considered (e.g., Silverman, 1967Silverman, , 1968Silverman & King, 1970), the research value of the RFT as a measure of perceptual differentiation is, in the main, well documented. The second dimension, stimulus intensity control, has been extensively studied by Petrie (1967), Buchsbaum and

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex differences in perceptual differentiation and stimulus intensity control.

Silverman¹,

Buchsbaum²,

Stierlin³

1973

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Hemsley, 1987). Overt withdrawal could occur if adaptive perceptive styles ('reducing', 'minimal scanning ' -Schooler & Silverman, 1969) are no longer appropriate to control the intensity and complexity of stimuli. Similarly, emotional turmoil arising from dysfunctional social interaction (deficits in decoding, encoding, or problem solving concerning social signals) could increase withdrawal tendencies.…”

Section: Molar Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-verbal Behavioural Dysfunction in Schizophrenia

Gäebel

1992

Br J Psychiatry

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Psychiatric disorders are psychopathologically characterised by signs and symptoms. Although diagnosis and classification rely heavily on the patient's report of subjectively experienced symptoms, the assessment of the underlying psychopathological process can be impaired by the patient's distorted self-image, his cognitive abnormalities, and his limited capacity to express himself verbally. Non-verbal behaviour, however, lends itself to objective and generalisable assessments: it can be reliably and accurately observed and measured, and although subject to cultural influence, it is the infant's most elementary form of self-expression (Gaebel, 1990). In addition, it plays a major role in interpersonal communication, which is disturbed in all psychiatric disorders. Therefore, the analysis of non-verbal behavioural dysfunction offers an important approach to the complex biopsychosocial framework of mental disorders.

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“…Second, the great majority of subsequent studies of KAE as an index of augmentingreducing have used the one-hand procedure (e.g., Baker et al 1976;Mishara & Baker 1981a, 1981b. Finally, the two-hand variant may not tap the same psychological processes as the one-hand variant (Schooler & Silverman 1969).…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%