Percolation permeability in styrene-methacrylic acid ionomers

Matsuyama, Hideto; Teramoto, Masaaki; Tsuchiya, Masaki

doi:10.1016/0376-7388(96)00111-1

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is known as an insulator‐to‐conductor transition or percolation threshold, whereby the transport of molecules and ions are facilitated through this interconnected ionic network. It is evident based on several investigations that the diffusion of ions (protons) and water are affected by the ionic nanostructure and follow a percolation model 56, 155, 163–166…”

Section: Transport Phenomena In Pemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer electrolyte membranes for the direct methanol fuel cell: A review

DeLuca

Elabd

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

447

288

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The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has the potential to replace lithium-ion rechargeable batteries in portable electronic devices, but currently experiences significant power density and efficiency losses due to high methanol crossover through polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs). Numerous publications document the synthesis and characterization of new PEMs for the DMFC. This article reviews this research, transport phenomena in PEMs, and experimental techniques used to evaluate new PEMs for the DMFC. Although many PEMs do not show significant improvements over Nafion 1 , the benchmark PEM in DMFCs, experimental results show that several new PEMs exhibit lower methanol crossover at similar proton conductivities and/or higher DMFC power densities. These results and recommendations for future research are discussed.

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Section: Transport Phenomena In Pemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer electrolyte membranes for the direct methanol fuel cell: A review

DeLuca

Elabd

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

447

288

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“…In general, findings show that protons and hydrophilic molecules (e.g., water, methanol, other polar organics) transport through this interconnected solvated ionic network and the transport properties can be highly dependent on the ionic morphology. [14][15][16][17][18] Over the past decade, many efforts to synthesize new polymers for PEM fuel cells have been reported. [19][20][21][22][23] In all of these sulfonated polymer examples, the ionic nanostructures in terms of their size and connectivity were, in general, poorly controlled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block Copolymers for Fuel Cells

2010

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Ion-containing block copolymers hold promise as next-generation proton exchange membranes in hydrogen and methanol fuel cells. These materials’ self-assembled ordered nanostructures facilitate proton transport over a wide range of conditions, a requirement for robust fuel cell performance. In this perspective, we will present an overview of the morphology and transport properties of ion-containing block copolymers that have been studied to gain insight into the fundamental behavior of these materials and, in some cases, are targeted toward applications in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices. We will discuss the challenges associated with predicting and obtaining well-ordered morphologies in block copolymers with high ion content, particularly those with chemistries that can withstand the chemical and mechanical stresses of the fuel cell, such as aromatic backbone block copolymers. New opportunities for ion-containing block copolymers in alkaline membrane fuel cells will also be reviewed.

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“…However, there is an abrupt increase of proton conductivity at around 32-34% of DS which can be attributed to the existence of percolation threshold due to effective linking of ionic clusters to form proton channels. 15,23,24 Among the three different PSPDMS sources, sPSPDMS2 series showed relatively high proton conductivities at the similar DS's probably due to a higher purity of the original polymer. Since the unique PEM property of the block copolymer ionomer stems from the formation of well-defined hydrophilic channels provided by block copolymer's nanostructures, existing homopolymer impurities may deteriorate the effective formation of nanochannels for proton transport.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular weight effect of partially sulfonated PS-b-PDMS diblock copolymers as proton exchange membrane for direct methanol fuel cell

et al. 2014

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Partially sulfonated polystyrene-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (sPS-b-PDMS) block copolymer membranes were prepared using three different polymers with various molecular weights and block ratios. Eleven different products were obtained with controlled degree of sulfonation (DS) of PS block ranging from 22% to 48%, and they were cast into proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Each PEM was rigorously characterized to see the effect of molecular weight and PS content to PEM for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The first set of sPS-b-PDMS with the highest molecular weight and 50% PS block ratio generally showed high mechanical strength and selectivity (proton conductivity/ methanol permeability), and the second set with medium molecular weight and 60% PS ratio showed high proton conductivity. The last PEM with the lowest molecular weight and 80% PS ratio exhibited a poor tensile strength which is not suitable for PEM application. When the membrane/electrode assemblies (MEAs) were fabricated using the sPS-b-PDMS PEMs with moderately high DS (~40%), one from the second set (moderate molecular weight, 60% PS content) showed the best power performance (90 mW/cm 2 at 70 o C) in active mode DMFC operation, which was found to be 20% higher than that of Nafion 115 MEA.

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Percolation permeability in styrene-methacrylic acid ionomers

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Polymer electrolyte membranes for the direct methanol fuel cell: A review

Polymer electrolyte membranes for the direct methanol fuel cell: A review

Block Copolymers for Fuel Cells

Molecular weight effect of partially sulfonated PS-b-PDMS diblock copolymers as proton exchange membrane for direct methanol fuel cell

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