Percutaneous Absorption and Excretion of Tritium-Labeled Diflorasone Diacetate, a New Topical Corticosteroid in the Rat, Monkey and Man

Sinha, A. J. Wickrema; Shaw, Sophie; Weber, Dieter

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12556772

Cited by 39 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These alterations increased water permeation with suction blister top removal being the most effective, tape stripping the second most, followed by sandpaper abrasion, and the least effective being the scalpel blade. However, Wickrema Sinha et al (1978) found no significant differences in the in vivo permeation of diflorasone through normal and scalpel-rubbed abraded guinea pig and monkey skin. McMaster et al (1985) attempted to ascertain whether simply rubbing enhanced in vivo absorption.…”

Section: Abrasionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

Chiang¹,

Tudela²,

Maibach³

2012

J of Applied Toxicology

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The stratum corneum's (SC) functions include protection from external hazardous environments, prevention of water loss and regulation of body temperature. While intact skin absorption studies are abundant, studies on compromised skin permeability are less common, although products are often used to treat affected skin. We reviewed literature on percutaneous absorption through abnormal skin models. Tape stripping is used to disrupt water barrier function. Studies demonstrated that physicochemical properties influence the stripping effect: water-soluble drugs are more affected. Abrasion did not affect absorption as much. Freezing is commonly used to preserve skin. It does not seem to modify water absorption, but still increases the penetration of compounds. Comparatively, heating the skin consistently increased percutaneous absorption. Removing SC lipids may increase percutaneous absorption of drugs. Many organic solvents are employed to delipidize. Delipidization with chloroform-methanol increased hydrophilic compound permeability, but not lipophilic. Acetone pre-treatment enhanced hydrophilic compound penetration. More data is needed to determine influence on highly lipophilic compound penetration. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) induces irritant dermatitis and is frequently used as a model. Studies revealed that SLS increases hydrophilic compound absorption, but not lipophilic. However, skin irritation with other chemicals increases lipophilic penetration as much as hydrophilic. Animal studies show that UV exposure increases percutaneous absorption whereas human studies do not. Human studies show increased penetration in psoriatic and atopic dermatitis skin. The data summarized here begin to characterize flux alteration associated with damaged skin. Understanding the degree of alteration requires interpretation of involved conditions and the enlarging of our database to a more complete physicochemical spectrum.

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Section: Abrasionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

Chiang¹,

Tudela²,

Maibach³

2012

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…48 On the other hand, no racial difference in the in vivo percutaneous absorption of difl orasone diacetate was observed. 49 Similarly, Lotte et al 50 found no statistical differences in the penetration or permeation of benzoic acid, caffeine, or acetylsalicylic acid into and through Asian, Black, and Caucasian skin (Table 5.4 ). Rawlings 51 provided a comprehensive review of ethnic differences in skin structure and function.…”

Section: Racial Differencesmentioning

confidence: 95%

In VitroSkin Permeation Methodology

Finnin

Walters²,

Franz³

2011

Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery

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“… 7 , 8 On the contrary, Wickrema-Sinha et al found no difference in percutaneous absorption of methyl nicotinate and diflorasone diacetate between dark- and faired-skin patients. 9 In conclusion, study results regarding drug absorption are controversial. The lower percutaneous penetration in certain medications may result from their specific absorption property or experimental error.…”

Section: Topical Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Considerations in Dark-Skinned Patients

Harnchoowong,

Vachiramon,

Jurairattanaporn

2024

CCID

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For dermatologists, diversities of human races result in an opportunity to encounter patients with various skin types. Cosmetic procedures have gained more popularity and become more accessible over the past decades. Thus, the selection of appropriate treatment protocol for each patient becomes inevitable. This review will focus on basic knowledge and key points in performing safe cosmetic-related procedures in patients with dark-complexioned skin. In terms of structure and function of the skin, people of color have equal epidermal thickness, corneocyte size and melanocyte number. However, they have more stratum corneum compaction, melanosome dispersion and melanocyte activity than fair skin individuals. Data regarding drug penetration and cutaneous irritation showed conflicting results. Superficial chemical peels and microdermabrasion can be done safely in dark-skinned patients. Medium-depth peel should be used with extreme caution. While deep-depth peel should be avoided at all times due to pigmentary and textural complications. Prolonged treatment interval, use of priming agents and sun protection are recommended. Injectable materials including botulinum toxin and soft tissue augmentation by hyaluronic acid filler can be done harmlessly in dark-skinned patients. Lasers and energy-based devices should be done with caution. Higher melanin dispersion and melanocyte activity acts as competitive chromophore. Pigmentary or textural changes can occur after aggressive treatment protocol. High energy setting, pulse stacking, short wavelength lasers and short treatment interval should be avoided in dark-skinned patients.

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Percutaneous Absorption and Excretion of Tritium-Labeled Diflorasone Diacetate, a New Topical Corticosteroid in the Rat, Monkey and Man

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

Percutaneous absorption in diseased skin: an overview

In VitroSkin Permeation Methodology

Cosmetic Considerations in Dark-Skinned Patients

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