Percutaneous direct current stimulation &amp;ndash; a new electroceutical solution for severe neurological pain and soft tissue injuries

Molsberger, Albrecht; McCaig, Colin

doi:10.2147/mder.s163368

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, previous studies mentioned adverse differentiation or physiological functionalities at 10~12 µA/cm 2 compared to that of 0.014~2 µA/cm 2 27,26 , which might be due to the negative effect from the H 2 O 2 produced by the GOD enzyme. Physiologically, injured skin has an electrical current density of -10 to -100 μA/cm 2 , which can accelerate skin tissue regeneration via electrical stimulation and support the enhanced cell migration phenomenon 63,64 . Therefore, the electrical cues generated by the GDH system are in the physiologically safe range and can be further utilized for tissue regeneration applications.…”

Section: Cell Viability With Ebfcs Cytocompatibility Tests Of Biomatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a glucose-reactive enzyme-based biofuel cell system for biomedical applications

Jeon

Lee

Dashnyam

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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A glucose-reactive enzyme-based biofuel cell system (EBFC) was recently introduced in the scientific community for biomedical applications, such as implantable artificial organs and biosensors for drug delivery. Upon direct contact with tissues or organs, an implanted EBFC can exert effects that damage or stimulate intact tissue due to its byproducts or generated electrical cues, which have not been investigated in detail. Here, we perform a fundamental cell culture study using a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) as an anode enzyme and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) as a cathode enzyme. The fabricated EBFC had power densities of 15.26 to 38.33 nW/cm 2 depending on the enzyme concentration in media supplemented with 25 mM glucose. Despite the low power density, the GDH-based EBFC showed increases in cell viability (~150%) and cell migration (~90%) with a relatively low inflammatory response. However, glucose oxidase (GOD), which has been used as an EBFC anode enzyme, revealed extreme cytotoxicity (~10%) due to the lethal concentration of H 2 o 2 byproducts (~1500 µM). Therefore, with its cytocompatibility and cell-stimulating effects, the GDH-based EBFC is considered a promising implantable tool for generating electricity for biomedical applications. Finally, the GDH-based EBFC can be used for introducing electricity during cell culture and the fabrication of organs on a chip and a power source for implantable devices such as biosensors, biopatches, and artificial organs.

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Section: Cell Viability With Ebfcs Cytocompatibility Tests Of Biomatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a glucose-reactive enzyme-based biofuel cell system for biomedical applications

Jeon

Lee

Dashnyam

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…During the preceding 4 years, patients with episodic and chronic cluster headache (CCH) were treated with percutaneous bioelectric current stimulation (PBCS) in our pain clinic. 12 For this study we performed a retrospective data analysis of all patients meeting the following inclusion criteria: informed consent; chronic cluster headache, which had evolved from episodic cluster headache; at least 11 months of continues CH prior to PBCS treatment; a minimum of 3 attacks per week, triptan and/or oxygen being effective for acute treatment. Patients were not actively recruited; however, they reported for therapy after they heard in German social media (CH patient forums, self-help groups) from other patients about PBCS.…”

Section: Patient Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large body of evidence exists, showing that these small DC EFs provide pivotal directional cues for the migration of inflammatory cells (monocytes, macrophages), epithelial cells, fibroblasts and nerve cells [13][14][15][16][17] Extensive technical details as well as the physiological rational of this novel treatment has been published recently. 12 Patients received PBCS treatments on a weekly or biweekly basis. Insertion points usually were located within these topographical areas: below the maxilla, 1-4 cm lateral to the ala of the nose; the medial end of the eyebrow; the middle of eyebrow; on the forehead 1 cm above the middle of the eyebrow; at the temporal region; at the vertex 1-2 cm lateral to the midline; the occipital region above the major occipital nerve.…”

Section: Treatment Characteristics and Outcome Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-Lasting Remissions with More Severe Recurrent Episodes Cases 11,12,13 Example Case 12 This is an example of a lengthy and ultimately successful course of PBCS therapy in a 59-year-old patient with a history of 20 years of CH, the last 10 years being chronic. In the first years, the cluster was successfully treated with oxygen, triptans and verapamil.…”

Section: Example Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the following, we present a retrospective analysis of CCH patients having been treated with remarkable success by this new treatment. 12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

<p>Percutaneous Bioelectric Current Stimulation for Chronic Cluster Headache – A Possible Transformative Approach to Cluster Headache</p>

Molsberger

McCaig

2020

JPR

Self Cite

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Background: Cluster headache (CH) is considered to be a catastrophic disease presenting the most severe human pain condition. Available pharmacological treatments are hampered by unwanted side effects, and there is an urgent need for non-pharmacological treatment alternatives. We present a novel therapeutic approach for chronic CH, having evolved from an episodic CH, using a non-invasive percutaneous bioelectric current stimulation (PBCS), which generates static electric fields in the range of the naturally occurring electric potentials. Patients and Methods: This study employed a retrospective data analysis of 20 cases of chronic cluster headache (CCH) patients, four of those having had cluster-related surgery (SPG, ONS). All patients were treated with PBCS between 2014 and 2018. Data of these patients were analyzed with respect to frequency of CH attacks and triptan application and followed up for one (20 cases) or two (12 cases) years. Results: Four weeks after the first PBCS treatment, cluster headache attacks were reduced from 2.8 to 1.7 per day and triptan application decreased from 2.5 to 1.5 times/day. Six nonresponders, 4 of which had pre-CH surgery, did not show any reaction to PBCS, while 14 responders improved within 4 weeks from 2.2 to 0.7 attacks/day and 2.0 to 0.4 triptan applications/day. A 50% or greater reduction of attack frequency was observed in 10 patients after 4 weeks and in 11 patients after 12 weeks. One year after the first treatment, 13/20 patients experienced a reduction of attack frequency of 50% or more, while remarkably 10 patients were completely free of attack. After 2 years, 8 of 12 patients experienced a reduction of attack frequency of 50% or more and 7 of those were completely symptomfree. No serious adverse effects were observed. Conclusion: PBCS is a promising transformative treatment approach for CCH patients. Drug consumption was reduced significantly, and the CCH may revert back to an episodic cluster headache with increasingly long times of remission. Responders can be clearly differentiated from non-responders. The data support the need for randomized controlled trials.

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Electro‐Stimulation, a Promising Therapeutic Treatment Modality for Tissue Repair: Emerging Roles of Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans as Electro‐Regulatory Mediators of Intrinsic Repair Processes

Hayes

Melrose

2020

Advanced Therapeutics

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Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a family of diverse biomolecules that decorate proteoglycans in the glycocalyx and extracellular matrix of all cells. They exist as linear polysaccharide chains consisting of repeating disaccharide units that can be variably sulfated and carboxylated along their GAG chain length. These ionizable carboxyl and sulfate groups on GAGs create charged interactive motifs that convey cell regulatory properties important in tissue homeostasis and the maintenance of optimal tissue function. GAGs participate in a number of essential physiological processes including coagulation‐fibrinolysis, matrix assembly and stabilization, immune regulation, and the complement system. The high fixed charge density and the counter‐ions of GAGs is central to their role in the hydration of various connective tissues within the body. Charge transfer properties of GAGs make them amenable to electro‐stimulation and offers a potential mechanism for promoting or enhancing cellular tissue repair processes. This review is undertaken to illustrate these properties and to gain a better understanding of how these processes might be manipulated through electro‐stimulation to help improve tissue repair and the recovery of normal function in traumatized tissues. Weight‐bearing and tension‐bearing, collagen‐rich, avascular tissues have intrinsically poor repair properties and represent difficult clinical challenges. Electro‐stimulation represents a novel approach with significant potential in the stimulation of repair in these most intransigent of tissues.

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Percutaneous direct current stimulation – a new electroceutical solution for severe neurological pain and soft tissue injuries

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Performance of a glucose-reactive enzyme-based biofuel cell system for biomedical applications

Performance of a glucose-reactive enzyme-based biofuel cell system for biomedical applications

<p>Percutaneous Bioelectric Current Stimulation for Chronic Cluster Headache – A Possible Transformative Approach to Cluster Headache</p>

Electro‐Stimulation, a Promising Therapeutic Treatment Modality for Tissue Repair: Emerging Roles of Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans as Electro‐Regulatory Mediators of Intrinsic Repair Processes

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