Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrojejunostomy Tube Placement in Healthy Dogs and Cats

Abstract

Placement of a PEG-J tube is an effective, noninvasive technique for providing enteral nutritional support of healthy dogs and cats. Bolus-feeding techniques via PEG-J tubes maintain normal nutritional status in healthy dogs and cats. This procedure for jejunostomy feeding may be easily adapted for use in clinical practice outside of an intensive care facility.

Assisted Enteral Feeding

“…48 The advantage of the PEG-J tube is that the J tube can be removed and the animal can be easily transitioned to PEG tube feeding. 51 PEG-J placement is described in Heuter 48 and Jergens et al 51 Low-profile jejunostomy devices are also available and may be a feasible option for long-term nutritional support. 52 J tubes are recommended to be left in place for at least 7-10 days to allow for adhesions to form around the tube site, which help prevent leakage into the abdomen.…”

Development and characterization of a technique for percutaneous radiologic gastrojejunostomy tube placement in the dog

“…Surgically placed GJT have fewer major complications, but inflammation and infection are still reported frequently at peristomal sites . In addition, tube migration, kinking, and dislodgement have been reported in 16%–46% of cases . Although laparoscopically placed postpyloric (jejunal) feeding tubes are less invasive, as reported, they extend procedural time approximately by twice that of other techniques .…”

“…Numerous postpyloric techniques, including surgically placed jejunostomy and gastrojejunostomy tubes (GJT), laparoscopically placed jejunostomy tubes, endoscopically placed nasojejunostomy tubes, esophagojejunostomy tubes, GJT, and fluoroscopically placed nasojejunal tubes have been described in veterinary medicine in recent years . Surgically placed jejunostomy tubes are associated with complications such as peristomal inflammation and infection, tube dislodgement, tube occlusion, and septic peritonitis .…”

“…Complications have been reported in 17.5%–40% of dogs . Surgically placed GJT have fewer major complications, but inflammation and infection are still reported frequently at peristomal sites . In addition, tube migration, kinking, and dislodgement have been reported in 16%–46% of cases .…”

“…Although laparoscopically placed postpyloric (jejunal) feeding tubes are less invasive, as reported, they extend procedural time approximately by twice that of other techniques . A minimally invasive, endoscopic assisted “PEG‐J” (percutaneous, endoscopically placed jejunostomy through gastrostomy tube) placement has also been described in healthy dogs . However, fluoroscopic placement verification is still required and complications were observed in 40% of dogs including tube removal, retrograde tube migration, and peristomal inflammation .…”