“…PEF treatment has dramatically improved gene-transfer efficiencies in tissues such as liver, skin, and skeletal muscle [22,38,39,40]. IRE technology has been used to treat tumors in canine brain tissue [41], human and porcine liver tissue [42,43,44,45], and and human and porcine pancreatic tissue [46,47,48]. By destroying malignant cells while mitigating damage to critical stromal tissue components [49,50], it enables the treatment of tissues around critical structures that would otherwise render the site untreatable.…”