Percutaneous radiological interventions of the portal vein: a comprehensive review

Abstract

The portal vein is the largest vessel supplying the liver. A number of radiological interventions are performed through the portal vein, namely for primary pathologies of the portal vein, for inducing liver hypertrophy or to treat the sequelae of portal hypertension among others. The routes used include direct transhepatic, transjugular, and, uncommonly, trans-splenic and through subcutaneous varices. Portal vein embolization and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt are among the most common portal vein interventions that are performed to induce hypertrophy of the future liver remnant and to treat complications of portal hypertension, respectively. Other interventions include transhepatic obliteration of varices and shunts, portal vein thrombolysis, portal vein recanalization, pancreatic islet cell transplantation, and embolization of portal vein injuries. We present a detailed illustrative review of the various radiological portal vein interventions.

Noncirrhotic portal hypertension due to peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: A case report

“…It uses the internal jugular vein as the puncture entrance, inserts the catheter through the superior vena cava, right atrium, and inferior vena cava, and inserts the hepatic vein into the hepatic vein under the guidance of an X-ray. Establishing an artificial shunt channel between them can not only measure the portal venous pressure to achieve the purpose of diagnosis but also reduce portal hypertension and achieve the purpose of treatment[ 17 - 19 ]. TIPS has been widely used for the diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension[ 20 ].…”