Percutaneous Suprapubic Cystolithotripsy in a 2 Year Old Boy with Large Urinary Bladder Stone: Case Report

Abstract

Urinary calculus is more commonly known in infants, and the urinary bladder is the most common location in the lower urinary tract for stone formation. There are three basic types of bladder calculus: Primary idiopathic/endemic, secondary, and migrant. Bladder stones account for approximately 5% of all urinary system stones and are prevalent among children living in poor or rural regions. The symptoms and findings in children with bladder stones are usually urgency, frequency, incontinence, dysuria, pyuria, difficulty voiding, and fever, small caliber of urinary stream, lower abdominal pain and urinary intermittency. Most bladder stones are composed of calcium oxalate, followed by calcium phosphate, and they are usually larger than 2.0 cm in diameter. The standard treatment of bladder calculus is open cystolithotomy or transurethral cystolitholapaxy However, the use of a percutaneous approach has been promoted. We performed percutaneous cystolithotripsy in 2 years boy with single large bladder stone. The procedure was done without any ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance. The diagnosis was made based on anamnesis, ultrasonography, physical examination, and X-ray imaging. The operation was successful, and intraoperative results showed a single large stone in urinary bladder. This report aims to define the surgical challenges presented by bladder stones and the multidisciplinary approach needed to deal with them. Under general anesthesisa, we performed percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotripsy in 2years boy. A Foley catheter was inserted in the urethra and left for a period of 5 days. The rectus fascia defect was closed using the 2-0 vicryl suture. Percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotripsy is a safe and successful procedure for treating bladder stones in children. It is fast and linked to negligible complications. Key words: bladder stone, percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotripsy