Peregrine Falcons Enable Two Species of Colonial Seabirds to Breed Successfully by Excluding Other Aerial Predators

Hipfner, J. Mark; Morrison, Kyle W.; Darvill, Rachel

doi:10.1675/063.034.0110

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Increased danger has been linked to reductions in clutch size in passerine birds, because fear elicits behavioral and physiological responses that draw resources away from reproduction (Travers et al 2010). In this study, the mean clutch size tended to be smaller from 2009 to 2011 (2.3-2.6 eggs nest -1 ) than in the seven earlier years (2.6-2.9 eggs nest -1 ) when Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) prevented Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from harassing seabirds atop Puffin Rock (Hipfner et al 2011). Blight (2011 previously suggested that the range-wide recovery of Bald Eagles might have been a factor in the decades-long declines in egg production by Glaucous-winged Gulls in the Salish Sea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Effects of Sea-surface Temperature on Egg Size and Clutch Size in the Glaucous-winged Gull

Hipfner¹

2012

Waterbirds

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Effects of Sea-surface Temperature on Egg Size and Clutch Size in the Glaucous-winged Gull

Hipfner¹

2012

Waterbirds

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“…Cords, ; Dolby & Grubb, ; Peres, ; Treves, ). This effect appears previously unrecorded for primates (see Heymann & Hsia, ), though known for bird–bird associations (smaller waterfowl/swans – Dijksen & Ouweneel, ; Källander, : terrestrial mixed‐species flocks – Hino, ; Goodale & Kotagama, ; Sridhar, Beauchamp & Shanker, ), while exclusion of other aerial predators by a Peregrine falcon ( F. peregrinus ) pair enhanced breeding success for two colonial seabird species (Hipfner, Morrison & Darvill, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

More food or fewer predators? The benefits to birds of associating with aNeotropical primate varies with their foraging strategy

Barnett

Shaw

2014

Journal of Zoology

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Although mixed-species associations of birds or primates have been well studied, primate-bird associations have received comparatively little attention. Additionally, benefits accruing with such associations have rarely been quantified. Over 13 months, 17 insectivorous bird species were observed associating with golden-backed uacaris. Detailed study of four found that feeding sally frequency significantly increased for sit-and-wait foragers (bronzy jacamar, Galbula leucogastra; black-fronted nunbird, Monasa nigrifrons), when uacaris were present within 14.9 m, but not when within 15-30 m. Contemporaneously, no significant differences were observed in peck bout frequency for two uacarifollowing bark-and leaf-gleaning antbirds (black-crested antshrike, Sakesphorus canadensis, black-winged antbird, Hypocnemoides melanopogon) when uacaris were present or absent. Antbird/uacari approximation is attributed to significant reductions in the presence of small bird-eating raptors when uacaris are present.

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“…The potentially to minimize their risk of intraguild predation (Lima & Dill, 1990 Contrary to our predictions, greater osprey abundances were associated with larger mean sizes of heronries. Bird colonies, including those of herons, are sometimes protected from avian predators by co-nesting raptors (Hipfner, Morrison, & Darvill, 2011), and it is possible that ospreys may protect heronries from eagles. A more likely explanation for the positive association between ospreys and herons, however, is that the species exhibited similar responses to low eagle abundances or to abundant resources during their early recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bird colonies, including those of herons, are sometimes protected from avian predators by co-nesting raptors(Hipfner, Morrison, & Darvill, 2011), and it is possible that ospreys may protect heronries from eagles. Ospreys nested much closer (≥40 m) to occupied eagle nests and their nesting demography appeared unaffected by overlapping foraging ranges of breeding eagles.…”

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confidence: 99%

Top‐down effects of repatriating bald eagles hinder jointly recovering competitors

Cruz

Windels

Thogmartin

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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The recovery of piscivorous birds around the world is touted as one of the great conservation successes of the 21st century, but for some species, this success was short‐lived. Bald eagles, ospreys and great blue herons began repatriating Voyageurs National Park, USA, in the mid‐20th century. However, after 1990, only eagles continued their recovery, while osprey and heron recovery failed for unknown reasons. We aimed to evaluate whether top‐down effects of bald eagles and bottom‐up effects of inclement weather, habitat quality and fish resources contributed to the failed recovery of ospreys and herons in a protected area. We quantified the relative influence of top‐down and bottom‐up factors on nest colonization, persistence (i.e., nest reuse) and success for ospreys, and occurrence and size of heronries using 26 years (1986–2012) of spatially explicit monitoring data coupled with multi‐response hierarchical models and Bayesian variable selection approaches. Bald eagles were previously shown to recover faster due to intensive nest protection and management. Increased numbers of eagles were associated with a reduction in the numbers of osprey nests, their nesting success and heronry size, while higher local densities of nesting eagles deterred heronries nearby. We found little evidence of bottom‐up limitations on the failed recovery of herons and ospreys. We present a conservation conundrum: bald eagles are top predators and a flagship species of conservation that have benefited from intensive protection, but this likely hindered the recovery of ospreys and herons. Returning top predators, or rewilding, is widely promoted as a conservation strategy for top‐down ecosystem recovery, but managing top predators in isolation of jointly recovering species can halt or reverse ecosystem recovery. Previous studies warn of the potential consequences of ignoring biotic interactions amongst recovering species, but we go further by quantifying how these interactions contributed to failed recoveries via impacts on the nesting demography of jointly recovering species. Multi‐species management is paramount to realizing the ecosystem benefits of top predator recovery.

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Peregrine Falcons Enable Two Species of Colonial Seabirds to Breed Successfully by Excluding Other Aerial Predators

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of Sea-surface Temperature on Egg Size and Clutch Size in the Glaucous-winged Gull

Effects of Sea-surface Temperature on Egg Size and Clutch Size in the Glaucous-winged Gull

More food or fewer predators? The benefits to birds of associating with aNeotropical primate varies with their foraging strategy

Top‐down effects of repatriating bald eagles hinder jointly recovering competitors

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