Perfectionism and stuttering: Findings of an online survey

Brocklehurst, Paul H.; Drake, Eleanor; Corley, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2015.02.002

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…These larger set-shifting-costs in CWS could be attributed to a speed-accuracy trade-off, or, in line with earlier assumptions (Eichorn et al, 2018;Anderson et al, 2020), to additional time needed by CWS to adequately process task demands. They could also be attributed to the fact that the CWS were trying to avoid errors, as they may perceive themselves as error-prone, something that was reported for adults who stutter (Brocklehurst et al, 2015). CF has been associated with speech-language planning and execution.…”

Section: Set-shifting Takes Timementioning

confidence: 95%

Cognitive flexibility in younger and older children who stutter

Paphiti

Eggers

2022

Front. Psychol.

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PurposeRecent research findings suggest possible weaknesses in cognitive flexibility (CF) in children who stutter (CWS) when compared to children who do not stutter (CWNS). Studies so far, have been conducted with either younger (3–6 years old) or older children (6–12 years old) with a variety of measures. The purpose of the present study was to investigate CF with the use of a single behavioral measure across a broader age range (4–10 years old).MethodsParticipants were 37 CWS (mean age = 6.90 years) and 37 age-and gender-matched CWNS (mean age = 6.88 years), divided in a younger (below 7 years) and older (above 7 years) age group. All participants undertook a computerized visual set-shifting task consisting of three blocks. CF was evaluated through across-and within-block comparisons of the actual response speed and accuracy values. In addition, mixing-and set-shifting-costs were evaluated based on the mean response speed and accuracy.ResultsAll participants showed expected mixing-and set-shifting-costs. Only the within-block analyses yielded significant between (sub)group differences. Investigation of the block × classification group × age group interactions showed that older CWS had larger set-shifting-costs (slowed down more and made more errors) compared to older CWNS.ConclusionWhile all participants required more time during set-shifting trials, only the older CWS (7–10 years old), and not younger CWS, were slower and made more errors. This finding corroborates previous findings in CWS of a similar age and could possibly point to a role of CF in stuttering persistence.

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Section: Set-shifting Takes Timementioning

confidence: 95%

Cognitive flexibility in younger and older children who stutter

Paphiti

Eggers

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…Selection criteria for participants included male and female adults ≥ the age of 18 with a stuttering onset during childhood or adolescence of varying levels of severity and who selfidentified as a person who stutters (Amster, 1995;Brocklehurst, Drake & Corley, 2015). Those who received treatment for their stuttering in the past or were currently receiving therapy were acceptable participants, as well as members of a self-help group at the time of the study or in the past.…”

Section: Participants and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of self-disclosure on the communicative interaction between a person who stutters and a normally fluent speaker

Mancinelli

2019

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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Self-disclosure is a commonly used therapeutic technique with people who stutter to facilitate self-acceptance and reduce the effects that the stigmatizing views and stereotypes held by the public can have on their communicative interactions. Although there are data on the benefits of self-disclosure from the perspective of the listener, there are no data on the value of self-disclosure form the perspective of the person who stutters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefit of self-disclosure from the perspective of the person who stutters in a conversational interaction using a Map task with a normally fluent speaker. The cognitive-affective variables under investigation were self-perception of stuttering severity, comfort, cognitive effort, anxiety, and benefit in a disclosed and non-disclosed condition. The speech variables under consideration in the disclosed and non-disclosed conditions were total syllables, percent syllables stuttered, and total word count. In order to measure level of stigma, the Self-Stigma of Stuttering Scale (4S) (Boyle, 2012) was used. Participants were 25 adults (18-73 years of age) recruited from the La Salle University Speech-Language-Hearing Clinics, National Stuttering Association support groups in Philadelphia and New Jersey, and through social media. The results of the investigation revealed that the participants were equivocal about the benefit of self-disclosure, and that there were non-significant differences for the cognitive-affective variables across conditions. Some positive effects on the speech variables were noted in the non-disclosed state only. All participants demonstrated overall self-stigma based on their 4S scores, but stigma was not acting as a moderating variable for the cognitiveaffective or speech variables. It was concluded that from the perspective of the person who stutters, neither self-disclosure nor overall level of self-stigma are playing a decisive role during the communicative interaction with a normally fluent speaker. The implications of these findings are discussed. vi

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“…They are also at an increased risk of having a lower quality of life, particularly in social and vocational spheres, and in terms of their emotional and mental health [27]. In addition, PwS will often have a high level of awareness and concern over their speech [22], which can lead to hyper-vigilance and increased error monitoring, regardless of whether more errors are actually made [7,13]. Individuals commonly perceive their stammer to be a speech error in itself and their attempts to minimize the number of errors that they make can ultimately cause more dysfluencies [7,13].…”

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it becomes more widely accepted that there is more to PwS than just their dysfluencies [39], more holistic models of therapy are being used, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) [28] and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) [1]. Behavioral therapies help PWS to reevaluate their standards [7], and it has been noted that people who have received therapy are less likely to experience setbacks with their speech [2]. CBT targets negative personal thoughts, encouraging positive attitudes, improving social skills, reducing avoidance, improving everyday functioning, and managing emotional reactions to dysfluency [28].…”

Section: Management Of Stammeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

StammerApp

McNaney

Bull

Mackie

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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Stammering is a speech disorder affecting approximately 1% of the worldwide population. It can have associated impacts on daily life, such as loss of confidence in social situations and increased anxiety levels (particularly when speaking to strangers). Work exploring the development of digital tools to support people who stammer (PwS) is emerging. However, there is a paucity of research engaging PwS in the design process, with participation being facilitated mainly in testing phases. In this paper, we describe the user-centered design, development and evaluation of StammerApp, a mobile application to support PwS. We contribute insights into the challenges and barriers that PwS experience day-to-day and reflect on the complexities of designing with this diverse group. Finally, we present a set of design recommendations for the development of tools to support PwS in their everyday interactions, and provide an example of how these might be envisioned through the StammerApp prototype.

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Perfectionism and stuttering: Findings of an online survey

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Cognitive flexibility in younger and older children who stutter

Cognitive flexibility in younger and older children who stutter

The effects of self-disclosure on the communicative interaction between a person who stutters and a normally fluent speaker

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