Perfectionism, Mood States, and Coping Strategies of Sports Students From Bulgaria and Russia During the Pandemic Covid-19

Iancheva, Tatiana; Rogaleva, Liudmila; García-Más, Alexandre; Olmedilla, Aurelio

doi:10.37393/jass.2020.01.2

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…It appears to be desirable, to include in gymnasts' training sessions specific psychological programs directed to female athletes at non-professional level, as recommended by the UN in order to prevent the pandemic from influencing gender and social inequality (United Nations, 2020). Iancheva et al (2020) find also differences between men and women in sports specialties and refer to differences in psychological intervention. Furthermore, these authors found different ways of perceiving the consequences of the pandemic in accordance with nationality, which makes it easier to understand some of the results obtained in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Training in Rhythmic Gymnastics During the Pandemic

et al. 2021

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The pandemic caused by the COVID 19 Virus creates an unprecedented situation of global confinement altering the development of competition and sports training at all levels of participation and in all sports, including rhythmic gymnastics (RG). To avoid possible effects of physical, technical and psychological detraining, coaches looked for home training alternatives. The objectives of the study were to know how rhythmic gymnastics training developed during the lockdown period (the conditions, type of training, performance monitoring means, and determinants of gymnasts’ participation) and to provide recommendations for a possible future lockdown. Three hundred and two RG coaches from twenty-six different countries throughout the five continents and four professional levels took part in the study: national team (28), international (26), national (172) and regional (75). The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of 39 closed questions structured in three dimensions: identification data of the coaches, training data during confinement and gymnast participation data. The independent variable was the gymnasts’ performance levels and the dependent variables organized in four categories: the technical media used to conduct and monitor the training sessions, the type of training done, the mechanisms for monitoring training performance and the aspects that determined participation. Most coaches kept their gymnasts training during confinement, although 76.5% confirm abandonment of any of their gymnasts. The main means used were real-time video conferencing, although at the lower practice levels the media stand out in deferred time. The contents of the training were mainly body technique, physical preparation and body difficulties. For performance monitoring, challenges, physical, and technical tests were predominant. The determinants for the development of training in the confinement vary depending on the level of the gymnasts, connectivity and electronic resources at the highest level, and the availability of spaces and social distancing at lower levels. For future lockdowns, it is necessary to review the content of the trainings, as well as the performance evaluation and the means necessary for it.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Training in Rhythmic Gymnastics During the Pandemic

et al. 2021

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“…In a genuine sense, this fact adds no operative knowledge to our study, but there is no doubt that it enhances the facts found related to some authors advocating for more studies focused on the elite athletes' personality profiles, perhaps just one more brick on the wall. In another study carried out during confinement with a sample of Russian and Bulgarian university athletes, high values in adaptive perfectionism have been found, also significantly correlating with positive moods and adaptive coping strategies ( 55 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality, Coping Strategies, and Mental Health in High-Performance Athletes During Confinement Derived From the COVID-19 Pandemic

Leguizamo

Olmedilla

Núñez

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the sports field unprecedentedly. The emergency alert has deprived athletes of training in a suitable environment, as they are faced with cancellations of relevant events in their sports careers. This situation can cause stress levels and other emotional disorders similar to those experienced by athletes during periods of injury. Since the relationship between psychological factors and sports injuries is well-studied, the Global Psychological Model of Sports Injury (MGPLD) is applied to this historical situation for athletes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between perfectionism and trait anxiety with indicators of mental health (mood, depression, state anxiety, and stress) in high-performance athletes during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to explore the coping strategies that athletes have applied and whether they are perceived as useful for managing negative emotional states. A cross-sectional study was conducted through online questionnaires during April 2020, adapting the Psychological Assessment Protocol of the High-Performance Sports Center of Murcia (Spain), to assess the psychological effects of confinement in a cross-cultural sample of 310 athletes (141 women and 169 men) from different countries in Europe, Asia, and America, and from diverse sports disciplines. The protocol comprised six instruments that test perfectionism, trait anxiety, mood states, stress, depression, coping strategies, and sleep. It was answered online via Google Forms. The results show that maladaptive perfectionism was related to all the indicators of athletes' mental health. However, athletes' levels of anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms are relatively low, and the use of coping strategies such as cognitive restructuring and emotional calm was associated with lower levels of negative emotional states. Besides, the Iceberg Profile, a suitable fit for the mental health model, is observed in the mood of athletes, both in men and in women, although women showed higher levels of anxiety, stress, and depression than men. A strong relationship was observed between maladaptive perfectionism and martial arts sports discipline, superior to other sports. In short, it can be concluded that high-performance athletes in the studied sample showed negative emotional state values below the expected average. Finally, the proposals for practical applications of the results collected are discussed.

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“…So far, only a few studies have actually investigated athletes' mental health in response to the lockdown and the few available results are inconsistent. In detail, it has been shown on a descriptive level that the mental state of 199 sport students from Bulgaria and Russia was not negatively impacted by the pandemic and related social isolation (data assessed in the last 2 weeks of April 2020 in Iancheva et al, 2020). On the other hand, elite athletes are reportedly worried about the future of their sport (66% of N = 327) and have reported feeling psychologically worse during the pandemic, according to the measures depression and anxiety (Håkansson et al, 2020).…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sample of martial arts athletes, a variety of coping strategies emerged: denial, focus on and venting of emotions, alcohol/drug abuse and acceptance ( Makarowski et al, 2020 ). Sport students from Bulgaria and Russia engaged in active planning/cognitive restructuring (i.e., problem-based coping) and emotional calming (i.e., emotion-oriented coping) whereas mentally withdrawing (i.e., distraction-oriented coping) from the situation showed lowest numbers ( Iancheva et al, 2020 ). A similar order of coping strategies can be seen in a sample of 18 elite athletes from Turkey ( Tingaz, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amateur and Recreational Athletes’ Motivation to Exercise, Stress, and Coping During the Corona Crisis

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mobility worldwide. As a corollary, the health of top- and lower-level athletes alike is profoundly reliant on movement and exercise. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on athletes’ motivation to exercise and train. In detail, we aim to better understand who (i.e., demographic, sport-specific, and psychological state and trait variables) reported a change in motivation to train due to the lockdown, why they reported lower motivation (i.e., open-ended questions on problems), what they did to help themselves, what support they received from others, and what they are looking forward to after the lockdown (i.e., open questions). Questionnaire data and answers to these open-ended questions were assessed via an online questionnaire, completed by 95 amateur and recreational athletes during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany (April to mid-May 2020). Results show that greater numbers of female athletes are less motivated to train in comparison to male athletes (p = 0.029). No differences in motivation were found regarding type of sport (individual vs. team sport) and number of competitions during the year. Also, more motivated to train amateur and recreational athletes showed lower athletic identity than athletes who reported no change in motivation to exercise during the lockdown (p = 0.03). Additionally, differences in state emotional, perceived stress, and personality variables (i.e., orientation to happiness, volition) were found between athletes who stated that they were less motivated to train compared to athletes who reported no changes in motivation. In particular, closure of sports facilities and social distancing measures were perceived to be highly problematic. Even though athletes received emotional support, organized themselves via routines and schedules, and trained using online tools, they predominately stated that they wished that their coaches would have supported them more. Understanding the impacts of a pandemic-related lockdown on athletes’ motivation, athletes’ coping strategies, and their desired support will help better support them in future crises.

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Perfectionism, Mood States, and Coping Strategies of Sports Students From Bulgaria and Russia During the Pandemic Covid-19

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Training in Rhythmic Gymnastics During the Pandemic

Training in Rhythmic Gymnastics During the Pandemic

Personality, Coping Strategies, and Mental Health in High-Performance Athletes During Confinement Derived From the COVID-19 Pandemic

Amateur and Recreational Athletes’ Motivation to Exercise, Stress, and Coping During the Corona Crisis

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