Perfil Clínico-Epidemiológico E Os Principais Diagnósticos De Crianças Internadas Em Um Hospital Pediátrico

Abstract

Pressure injury develops from prolonged pressure on the surface of the skin or soft tissues, making it difficult or impeding tissue perfusion, causing underlying tissue damage and especially bone prominence. The purpose of the present study was to raise risk factors associated with the occurrence of pressure injury and the possibility of nurses acting on their prevention according to the literature. DEVELOPMENT: The present study uses as integrative literature review method, performed through a search in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) in the databases of Lilacs and Medline and Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) using the intersections of the descriptors "Pressure Injury", "Incidence", "Hospital". For the construction of this article, the following question was applied: what are the risk factors for the occurrence of pressure injury in the hospital environment and the nurse's role in relation to this problem? Among the main factors associated with the occurrence of pressure injury described in the analyzed studies were: skin exposure, excessive humidity, pressure on prominence, loss of sensation, immobility, friction and shear. In addition, studies have shown that the incidence of such injuries occurs mainly in critically ill male patients over the age of 60 and in longer hospitalizations. CONCLUSION: This study presented the risk factors for the occurrence of pressure injury, contributing to the understanding of the multicausality in the onset of this condition. It was found that some care can reduce the appearance of lesions, especially when directed to the environment, to extrinsic factors.