In Portugal, the genetic diversity, origin of HBV, and the Portuguese role in the dissemination of HBV worldwide were never investigated. In this work, we studied the epidemic history and transmission dynamics of HBV genotypes that are endemic in Portugal. HBV pol gene was sequenced from 130 patients followed in Lisbon. HBV genotype A (HBV/A) was the most prevalent (n=54, 41.5%), followed by D [HBV/D; (n=44, 33.8%)], and E [HBV/E; (n=32, 24.6%)]. Spatio-temporal evolutionary dynamics was reconstructed in BEAST using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, with a GTR nucleotide substitution model, an uncorrelated lognormal relaxed molecular clock model, a Bayesian skyline plot, and a continuous diffusion model. HBV/D4 was the first subgenotype to be introduced in Portugal around 1857 (HPD 95% 1699-1931) followed by HBV/D3 and A2 a few decades later. HBV/E and HBV/A1 were introduced in Portugal later, almost simultaneously. Our results also indicate a very important role of Portugal in the exportation of HBV/D4 and A2 to Brazil and Cape Verde, respectively, at the beginning of the XX century. This work clarifies the epidemiological history of HBV in Portugal and shows that Portugal had an important role in the global spread of this virus.