Perfluorinated compounds in milk, milk powder and yoghurt purchased from markets in China

Wang, JieMing; Shi, Yunfeng; Pan, Yuanyuan; Cai, Yaqi

doi:10.1007/s11434-010-0055-0

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The ADI PFOS for the general Xinjiang adult population (≥18 years old) was 0.0318 ng/kg/day, which exceeded ADI PFOA (0.0211 ng/kg/day). The calculated intakes in the present study are similar to the reports of Wang et al [21] and Ericson et al [42], but lower than those reported in a Norwegian study [20]. The different estimated intakes can be related to the differences in background levels of contaminants for milk, consumption data of various regions, and data treatment on non-detects.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The analytical method used in this study was based on the method reported by Wang et al [21], with some modifications. Briefly, PFOS and PFOA were extracted by ultrasonic extraction with methanol (MeOH) and then purified using solid-phase extraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of PFOA and PFOS in milk and dairy products was largely confirmed in many countries, including China [2,4,8,21,22,23]. However, little is known about the occurrence of PFOA and PFOS in Xinjiang, which has become a large-scale milk production base.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment

Xing

Liu

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Although perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been identified in milk and dairy products in many regions, knowledge on their occurrence in Xinjiang (China) is rare. This study was conducted to measure the levels of PFOA and PFOS in milk and yogurt from Xinjiang and to investigate the average daily intake (ADI) of these two compounds. PFOA and PFOS levels were analyzed using ultrasonic extraction with methanol and solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Retail milk and yogurt samples present higher detection rates (39.6% and 48.1%) and mean concentrations (24.5 and 31.8 ng/L) of PFOS than those of PFOA (33.0% and 37.0%; 16.2 and 22.6 ng/L, respectively). For raw milk samples, only PFOS was detected. The differences in the levels of the two compounds between samples from the north and south regions were observed, and northern regions showed higher pollution levels than southern regions. On the basis of the retail milk measurements and consumption data, the ADIs of PFOA and PFOS for Xinjiang adults were calculated to be 0.0211 and 0.0318 ng/kg/day, respectively. Furthermore, the estimated intakes of PFOA and PFOS varied among different groupings (age, area, gender, and race) and increased with increasing age. Relevant hazard ratios were found to be far less than 1.0, and this finding suggested that no imminent health damages were produced by PFOA and PFOS intake via milk and yogurt consumption in the Xinjiang population.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment

Xing

Liu

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…Methanol, sodium hydroxide in methanol solutions, acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate are usually employed for the extraction of polar or relatively polar contaminants such as PFCs [26,27,[34][35][36][37] and BPA-related compounds [38][39][40] in milk, yoghurt, canned fish and cereal baby food samples. Frequently, mixture of solvents such as dichloromethane with cyclohexane, acetonitrile-hexane, methanol-hexane-methyl tert-butyl ether, hexane-acetone and tetrahydrofuran-water are also employed, for instance some of them for the extraction of phthalates [41,42] and BPA [43].…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in LC-MS analysis of food-packaging contaminants

Gallart-Ayala

Núñez

Lucci

2013

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

126

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The supply of safe and high-quality foodstuffs relies on the efficient protection of food from deterioration. However, all food-packaging materials can release small amounts of their chemical constituents when they touch food, and any substance that migrates from the packaging into the food is of concern if it could pose health problems to the consumer. The purpose of this review is to describe recent advances in the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of food-packaging contaminants since 2009, focusing on some relevant families of compounds (e.g., bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers and related compounds, UV-ink photoinitiators, perfluorinated compounds, and phthalates).

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“…The mechanisms and pathways by which PFOS and PFOA are incorporated into the human body are not well understood. However, research has indicated that potential sources of human exposure to PFOS and PFOA included food [11][12][13], drinking water [14], and respiration [11,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in the fingernails of urban and rural children

Liu

Jin

2010

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two typical perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), found in a wide range of environmental media and organisms, including humans. Human biomonitoring studies of body fluids have revealed that in many areas of the world the general population has been exposed to background levels of PFOS and PFOA. Fingernail has been suggested as a promising biopsy material for assessment of PFCs environmental exposure. In the present study, PFOS and PFOA were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in fingernails of urban and rural children (N=93) aged 6-12 years. A questionnaire was conducted to determine factors that could influence the PFOS and PFOA levels in the children. The levels of PFOS in urban children were significantly higher (geometric mean (GM)=328 ng/g) than those in rural children (GM=27 ng/g). In contrast, PFOA levels were significantly lower in the urban children compared with the rural children. Significant positive correlation (R=0.53, P<0.05 for urban areas; R=0.71; P<0.001 for rural areas) between the PFOS and PFOA concentrations indicated they had similar sources. The PFOS and PFOA levels were higher in fingernail samples from children aged <9 years than in children aged ≥9 years. In addition, females had higher PFOA levels than males, in both regions. Other factors that significantly influenced PFOS and PFOA levels were dietary habits and socio-economic background. The results of this study indicate fingernails are a suitable material for biomonitoring of PFCs environmental exposure. However, the levels determined in the fingernail samples need to be first evaluated with regard to the levels determined in other samples, such as human serum.perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, fingernails, biomarker, environmental exposure Citation:Xu L, Liu W, Jin Y H. Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in the fingernails of urban and rural children.

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Perfluorinated compounds in milk, milk powder and yoghurt purchased from markets in China

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment

Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment

Recent advances in LC-MS analysis of food-packaging contaminants

Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in the fingernails of urban and rural children

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