Perfluorooctanoate and changes in anthropometric parameters with age in young girls in the Greater Cincinnati and San Francisco Bay Area

Pinney, Susan M.; Windham, Gayle C.; Xie, Changchun; Herrick, Robert; Calafat, Antònia M.; McWhorter, Ketrell L; Fassler, Cecily S.; Hiatt, Robert A.; Kushi, Lawrence H.; Biro, Frank M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.07.002

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Recently, Pinney et al (2019) investigated the relationship between serum PFOA in girls aged 6–8 years and longitudinal changes in adiposity at age 6–18 years. The authors reported an inverse association of PFOA level with BMI z-score, but declining with age [ 41 ], which is not in agreement with our data, although the time window of our study is tighter and the impact of puberty could have unmasked this association in the Pinney study. In another cohort study on girls aged 6 to 8 years, increasing serum PFOA concentrations were associated with decreased BMIz and fat mass percent [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

PFAS Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Traits in Highly Exposed Children and Adolescents

Canova

Nisio

Barbieri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Residents of a large area of north-eastern Italy were exposed for decades to high concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water. Despite the large amount of evidence in adults of a positive association between serum PFAS and metabolic outcomes, studies focusing on children and adolescents are limited. We evaluated the associations between serum PFAS concentrations that were quantifiable in at least 40% of samples and lipid profile, blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI) in highly exposed adolescents and children. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 6669 adolescents (14–19 years) and 2693 children (8–11 years) enrolled in the health surveillance program of the Veneto Region. Non-fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. Systolic and diastolic BP were measured, and BMI z-score accounting for age and sex was estimated. The associations between ln-transformed PFAS (and categorized into quartiles) and continuous outcomes were assessed using generalized additive models. The weighted quantile sum regression approach was used to assess PFAS-mixture effects for each outcome. Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Among adolescents, significant associations were detected between all investigated PFAS and TC, LDL-C, and to a lesser extent HDL-C. Among children, PFOS and PFNA had significant associations with TC, LDL-C and HDL-C, while PFOA and PFHxS had significant associations with HDL-C only. Higher serum concentrations of PFAS, particularly PFOS, were associated with lower BMI z-score. No statistically significant associations were observed between PFAS concentrations and BP. These results were confirmed by the multi-pollutant analysis. Conclusions: Our study supports a consistent association between PFAS concentration and serum lipids, stronger for PFOS and PFNA and with a greater magnitude among children compared to adolescents, and a negative association of PFAS with BMI.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

PFAS Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Traits in Highly Exposed Children and Adolescents

Canova

Nisio

Barbieri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…A previous American study described that higher PFOA exposure was significantly associated with decreased fat percentage in 6- to 9-year-old girls [ 50 ], but the association changed direction when examining the girls again when they were 12–13 years old [ 41 ]. Another study investigating PFASs and obesity in children at age 12 while also stratifying for sex, found a consistent association between PFAS levels and obesity in girls, but not in boys [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and body fat evaluated by DXA and MRI in 109 adolescent boys

et al. 2021

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Background Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been associated with changes in body mass index and adiposity, but evidence is inconsistent as study design, population age, follow-up periods and exposure levels vary between studies. We investigated associations between PFAS exposure and body fat in a cross-sectional study of healthy boys. Methods In 109 boys (10–14 years old), magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were performed to evaluate abdominal, visceral fat, total body, android, gynoid, android/gynoid ratio, and total fat percentage standard deviation score. Serum was analysed for perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorodecanoic acid using liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Data were analysed by multivariate linear regression. Results Serum concentrations of PFASs were low. Generally, no clear associations between PFAS exposure and body fat measures were found; however, PFOS was negatively associated with abdominal fat (β = -0.18, P = 0.046), android fat (β = -0.34, P = 0.022), android/gynoid ratio (β = -0.21, P = 0.004), as well as total body fat (β = -0.21, P = 0.079) when adjusting for Tanner stage. Conclusions Overall, we found no consistent associations between PFAS exposure and body fat. This could be due to our cross-sectional study design. Furthermore, we assessed PFAS exposure in adolescence and not in utero, which is considered a more vulnerable time window of exposure.

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“…To account for within and between study variance in the measures of association, random-effects models were used to generate a summary measure of association across all studies. When studies reported effect estimates for two time points (i.e., measures at ages 4 and 7), they were combined using a fixed-effects meta-analysis [ 32 , 44 ]. However, this was not done for studies that reported prenatal and postnatal exposure measurements, and they were instead included in the subgroup analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frangione,

Birk,

Benzouak

et al. 2023

Int J Obes

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Introduction Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are potentially obesogenic for children. We undertook a systematic review to synthesize this literature and explore sources of heterogeneity in previously published epidemiological studies. Methods Studies that collected individual-level PFAS and anthropometric data from children up to 12 years of age were identified by searching six databases. We excluded studies that only evaluated obesity measures at the time of birth. A full-text review and quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) criteria. Forest plots were created to summarize measures of association and assess heterogeneity across studies by chemical type and exposure timing. Funnel plots were used to assess small-study effects. Results We identified 24 studies, of which 19 used a cohort design. There were 13 studies included in the meta-analysis examining various chemicals and outcomes. Overall prenatal exposures to four different types of PFAS were not statistically associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference. In contrast, for three chemicals, postnatal exposures were inversely related to changes in BMI (i.e., per log10 increase in PFOS: BMI z-score of −0.16 (95% CI: −0.22, −0.10)). There was no substantial heterogeneity in the reported measures of association within prenatal and postnatal subgroups. We observed modest small-study effects, but correction for these effects using the Trim and Fill method did not change our summary estimate(s). Conclusion Our review found no evidence of a positive association between prenatal PFAS exposure and pediatric obesity, whereas an inverse association was found for postnatal exposure. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the small number of studies. Future research that can inform on the effects of exposure mixtures, the timing of the exposure, outcome measures, and the shape of the exposure-response curve is needed.

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Perfluorooctanoate and changes in anthropometric parameters with age in young girls in the Greater Cincinnati and San Francisco Bay Area

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

PFAS Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Traits in Highly Exposed Children and Adolescents

PFAS Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Traits in Highly Exposed Children and Adolescents

Associations between exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and body fat evaluated by DXA and MRI in 109 adolescent boys

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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