“…By stimulating the perforant pathway in rodents, functional imaging shows spread BOLD activity in hippocampal formation, entorhinal cortex, prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens, etc, which supports the involvement of a large-scale cortical-hippocampal network in learning (Angenstein et al, 2013;Canals et al, 2009). Especially, the elevated network response days after repeated stimulation or active avoidance learning suggests that BOLD signal can reflect network efficacy change after learning (Angenstein et al, 2013), which is consistent with our observation of increased resting synchrony of the network after maze learning. In fact, ongoing and propagating synchronous activity in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and entorhinal cortex after memory encoding has been considered as a mechanism of memory consolidation (Battaglia et al, 2011).…”