Perforating Globe Injuries during Operation Iraqi Freedom

Colyer, Marcus H.; Chun, Dal; Bower, Kraig S.; Dick, J. Stavely; Weichel, Eric D.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.05.013

Cited by 117 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The total number of ocular casualties is much lower than that reported in the United States military 2,3,9,11 reflecting differences in the overall number of casualties between the British and the United States Armed Forces. It is difficult to compare the proportion of eye injuries between different reports, as there are subtle differences in how the data are presented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Ophthalmic injuries in British Armed Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan

Blanch

Bindra

Jacks

et al. 2010

Eye

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Outcomes assessed by final best-corrected visual acuity (VA; few patients lost to follow-up), rates of endophthalmitis, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Results There were 630 cases of major trauma, 63 sustained eye injuries (10%), and 48 sustained significant eye injuries. There were 21 open-globe injuries: 9 ruptures and perforating injuries, of which 7 were enucleated/eviscerated; 11 intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injuries, of which 1 was eviscerated. Primary repair was combined with posterior segment reconstruction in 9/11 cases with IOFB. Mean time to primary repair was 1.9 days (range 0-5). Intravitreal antibiotics were given at primary repair in five cases. All cases received early broad-spectrum systemic antibiotics. Median final VA was logMAR 0.25 excluding evisceration/enucleations. There were two cases of PVR and none of endophthalmitis. Conclusions The number of eye injuries as a proportion of all casualties is lower than recently reported. The injuries are more severe than in civilian practise. The outcomes were comparable with previous reports, this demonstrates that, in certain cases, primary repair can be safely delayed beyond 24 h in the patient's best interests, in order to optimise the conditions for treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Ophthalmic injuries in British Armed Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan

Blanch

Bindra

Jacks

et al. 2010

Eye

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“…14 Injuries that are limited to the anterior segment can have a good prognosis 11,13 but penetrating injuries involving the posterior segment are usually more damaging. 12,15,[20][21][22] These occur when the pellets have enough kinetic energy to go through the anterior segment structures to the posterior segment, resulting in vitreous haemorrhage, direct retinal damage and VR incarceration often progressing to tractional retinal detachments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,[8][9][10] Earlier reports have insisted on the severity of this type of trauma and the necessity to reduce their incidence by publicising their risk and encouraging prophylactic measures such as eye protection. [11][12][13][14][15] Experimental and clinical studies demonstrated that perforating injuries with posterior segment complications have a poor prognosis especially when treated by conventional techniques. [16][17][18] The purpose of this study is to analyse the postoperative anatomic and functional outcomes in addition to complications after vitreoretinal (VR) surgery for patients with pellet gun eye injuries related to hunting accidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Khoueir¹,

Cherfan²,

Assi³

2015

Eye

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Improvised explosive devices (IEDs), also known as roadside bombs, have been used increasingly in recent years. The term 'IEDs' has also become commonly used to describe homemade explosives, especially following the Iraq conflict in 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular injuries from improvised explosive devices

Erdurman

Hürmeriç

Gokce

et al. 2011

Eye

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Purpose To document the characteristics, treatments, and anatomical and functional outcomes of patients with ocular trauma from improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Methods Retrospective review of ocular injuries caused by IEDs, admitted to our tertiary referral centre. Results In total, sixty-one eyes of the 39 patients with an average age of 24 years (range, 20-42 years) were included in the study. In total, 49 (80%) eyes of the patients had open-globe and 12 (20%) had closed-globe injury.In eyes with open-globe injury, intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injury was the most frequently encountered type of injury, observed in 76% of eyes. Evisceration or enucleation was required as a primary surgical intervention in 17 (28%) of the eyes. Twentytwo (36%) eyes had no light perception at presentation. Patients were followed up for an average of 6 months (range, 4-34 months). At the last follow-up, 26 (43%) of 61 eyes had no light perception. Postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) developed in 12 (50%) of the 24 eyes that underwent vitreoretinal surgery, and four of these eyes became phthisical. There were no cases of endophthalmitis. The presence of open-globe injury and presenting visual acuity worse than 5/200 were significantly associated with poor visual outcome (o5/200, Po0.05).In eyes with open-globe injury, the presence of an IOFB was not associated with poor visual outcome (P40.05). Conclusion Ocular injuries from IEDs are highly associated with severe ocular damage requiring extensive surgical repair or evisceration/enucleation. Postoperative PVR is a common cause of poor anatomical and visual outcome.

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Perforating Globe Injuries during Operation Iraqi Freedom

Cited by 117 publications

References 14 publications

Ophthalmic injuries in British Armed Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan

Ophthalmic injuries in British Armed Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan

Vitreoretinal surgery for shotgun eye injuries: outcomes and complications

Ocular injuries from improvised explosive devices

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