Perforation of Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet Aneurysm: Complication of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis

Kolluru, Anuradha; Behera, Satyaranjan; Damarla, Vijay; Rajasurya, Venkat

doi:10.7759/cureus.10249

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although MVAs are clinically rare, the relevant literature has provided a comprehensive understanding of MVAs. MVAs are closely related to aortic valve infection, and in most cases, MVAs result from infective endocarditis [Kolluru 2020;Werner 2020;Moretti 2018;Tomsic 2016]. However, a few individual cases of MVA without infective endocarditis have been reported [Kim 2012].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitral valve aneurysms (MVAs) without the absence of aortic valve endocarditis are rare, as most MVAs are the secondary result of aortic valve infective endocarditis and severe aortic regurgitation [Gülmez 2009]. The various complications associated with MVAs include perforation with severe mitral regurgitation, thrombus formation, and embolism [Kolluru 2020]. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent catastrophic cardiac complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of Complex Mitral Valve Aneurysm with Neoplasm via Real-time 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography

Luo

Tan

Wang

et al. 2022

HSF

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Mitral valve leaflet aneurysm (MVA) is a rare and potentially devastating complication of infective endocarditis. Here, we report the case of a 49-year-old man with mitral endocarditis who had an anterior MVA without aortic morphologic change and only mild regurgitation. By real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TOE), we found two perforations and a hard mass in the aneurysm accompanied with severe regurgitation. The patient underwent valve replacement surgery combined with anti-infection treatment and was successfully discharged. In addition to the case report and literature review related to MVA, we also summarize the application value of RT-3D TOE in these cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of Complex Mitral Valve Aneurysm with Neoplasm via Real-time 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography

Luo

Tan

Wang

et al. 2022

HSF

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“…All this made it possible to retain in our patient the certain positive diagnosis of Osler's Sub Acute bacterial IE on the native mitral valve with a rheumatic appearance [7] [8] [10] [11]. Involvement of the valvular structures of the left heart are more frequent in IE than those of the right heart, which accounts for only 5% to 10% of cases [12] [13] [14] [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osler’s Subacute Infective Endocarditis on Rheumatic Heart: A Complicated Clinical Case That Reflects Four (4) Major Public Health Issues in Sub-Saharan Africa

Traore¹,

Ngaïdé²,

Tine³

et al. 2022

CRCM

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Endocarditis is an inflammation of the endocardium and its structures (valves), most often of infectious origin, described by William Osler in 1885. In the 21st century, infective endocarditis remains a reality in our countries. We report a complicated case of infective endocarditis (IE). This is a 53-year-old woman, obese and passive smoker who died on the 5 th day of her hospitalization following an infective endocarditis (IE) with bacterial strains resistant to the usual antibiotics: daughter of acute lithiasic cholecystitis, mother of major mitral valve perforation, brain abscess, ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation. All were responsible for septic shock and fatal coma. Surgical management of the infective endocarditis in the first hours of her admission could have improved her prognosis. To conclude, in addition to its interests and its clinical particularities, our present observation has highlighted major public health problems specific to our sub-Saharan African countries, namely: The problem of the double health burden, the problem of delays in seeking care, the problem of resistance to antibiotics and the problem of the insufficiency of reference health technical platforms.

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Mitral valve aneurysms: echocardiographic characteristics, formation mechanisms, and patient outcomes

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundThe accurate etiology of mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) formation is not completely understood, and the most effective management approach for this condition remains controversial.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 20 MVA patients who underwent either surgical interventions or conservative follow-ups at the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between 2017 and 2021. We examined their clinical, echocardiographic, and surgical records and tracked their long-term outcomes.ResultsOf the 20 patients, 12 were diagnosed with MVA using transthoracic echocardiography, seven required additional transesophageal echocardiography for a more definitive diagnosis, and one child was diagnosed during surgery. In all these patients, the MVAs were detected in the anterior mitral leaflet. We found that 15 patients (75%) were associated with infective endocarditis (IE), whereas the remaining patients were associated with bicuspid aortic valve and moderate aortic regurgitation (AR) and mild aortic stenosis (5%), congenital heart disease (5%), elderly calcified valvular disease (5%), mitral valve prolapse (5%), and unknown reasons (5%). Of the 17 patients who underwent hospital surgical interventions, two died due to severe cardiac events. The remaining 15 patients had successful surgeries and were followed up for an average of 13.0 ± 1.8 months. We observed an improvement in their New York Heart Association functional class and mitral regurgitation and AR degrees (P-value < 0.001). During follow-up, only one infant had an increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter, whereas the remaining 14 patients had decreased values (P < 0.001). In addition, none of the three conservatively managed patients experienced disease progression during the 7–24 months of follow-up.ConclusionsWe recommend using echocardiography as a highly sensitive method for MVA diagnosis. Although most cases are associated with IE or AR, certain cases still require further study to determine their causes. A prompt diagnosis of MVA in patients using echocardiography can aid in its timely management.

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Perforation of Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet Aneurysm: Complication of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of Complex Mitral Valve Aneurysm with Neoplasm via Real-time 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography

Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of Complex Mitral Valve Aneurysm with Neoplasm via Real-time 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography

Osler’s Subacute Infective Endocarditis on Rheumatic Heart: A Complicated Clinical Case That Reflects Four (4) Major Public Health Issues in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mitral valve aneurysms: echocardiographic characteristics, formation mechanisms, and patient outcomes

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