Performance Analysis and Optimal Design of BATS Code: A Hardware Perspective

Qing, Jiaxin; Leong, Philip H. W.; Yeung, Raymond W.

doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3261359

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

2023

DOI: 10.1109/tvt.2023.3261359

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Performance Analysis and Optimal Design of BATS Code: A Hardware Perspective

Jiaxin Qing

Philip H. W. Leong

Raymond W. Yeung

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…Some routers have hardwired circuits to efficiently handle heavy traffic, so it is unfeasible to deploy other schemes on them without replacing the hardware. For these heavy-loaded nodes, one may consider producing a hardware to speed up the network coding operations, e.g., [92,93], inducing extra costs on the deployment. On the other hand, the protocol for BNC is not standardized yet, meaning two parties may adopt BAR with incompatible protocols, thus restricting the application of BNC in public networks.…”

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confidence: 99%

BAR: Blockwise Adaptive Recoding for Batched Network Coding

Yin

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2023

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Multi-hop networks have become popular network topologies in various emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Batched network coding (BNC) is a solution to reliable communications in such networks with packet loss. By grouping packets into small batches and restricting recoding to the packets belonging to the same batch; BNC has much smaller computational and storage requirements at intermediate nodes compared with direct application of random linear network coding. In this paper, we discuss a practical recoding scheme called blockwise adaptive recoding (BAR) which learns the latest channel knowledge from short observations so that BAR can adapt to fluctuations in channel conditions. Due to the low computational power of remote IoT devices, we focus on investigating practical concerns such as how to implement efficient BAR algorithms. We also design and investigate feedback schemes for BAR under imperfect feedback systems. Our numerical evaluations show that BAR has significant throughput gain for small batch sizes compared with existing baseline recoding schemes. More importantly, this gain is insensitive to inaccurate channel knowledge. This encouraging result suggests that BAR is suitable to be used in practice as the exact channel model and its parameters could be unknown and subject to changes from time to time.

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confidence: 99%

BAR: Blockwise Adaptive Recoding for Batched Network Coding

Yin

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2023

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Multi-Phase Adaptive Recoding: An Analogue of Partial Retransmission in Batched Network Coding

Yin,

Tahernia,

Mak

2024

Network

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Batched network coding (BNC) is a practical realization of random linear network coding (RLNC) designed for reliable network transmission in multi-hop networks with packet loss. By grouping coded packets into batches and restricting the use of RLNC within the same batch, BNC resolves the issue of RLNC that has high computational and storage costs at the intermediate nodes. A simple and common way to apply BNC is to fire and forget the recoded packets at the intermediate nodes, as BNC can act as an erasure code for data recovery. Due to the finiteness of batch size, the recoding strategy is a critical design that affects the throughput, the storage requirements, and the computational cost of BNC. The gain of the recoding strategy can be enhanced with the aid of a feedback mechanism, however the utilization and development of this mechanism is not yet standardized. In this paper, we investigate a multi-phase recoding mechanism for BNC. In each phase, recoding depends on the amount of innovative information remained at the current node after the transmission of the previous phases was completed. Relevant information can be obtained via hop-by-hop feedback; then, a more precise recoding scheme that allocates networking resources can be established. Unlike hop-by-hop retransmission schemes, the reception status of individual packets does not need to be known and packets to be sent in the next phase may not be the lost packets in the previous phase. Further, due to the loss-tolerance feature of BNC, it is unnecessary to pass all innovative information to the next node. This study illustrates that multi-phase recoding can significantly boost the throughput and reduce the decoding time as compared with the traditional single-phase recoding approach This opens a new window in developing better strategies for designing BNC rather than sending more batches in a blind manner.

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Performance Analysis and Optimal Design of BATS Code: A Hardware Perspective

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

BAR: Blockwise Adaptive Recoding for Batched Network Coding

BAR: Blockwise Adaptive Recoding for Batched Network Coding

Multi-Phase Adaptive Recoding: An Analogue of Partial Retransmission in Batched Network Coding

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