Performance analysis of an innovative parallel flow field design of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using multiphysics simulation

Ghasabehi, Mehrdad; Ashrafi, Moosa; Shams, Mehrzad

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119194

Cited by 73 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…One way to determine the oxygen mass transport resistance is to use the limiting current density method [6,49,50]. When the cell operates in its limiting current, oxygen consumption is at the maximum rate.…”

Section: -Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the dominant features, including the porosity of GDL, stoichiometries of both sides, operating pressure, and temperature, are optimized. The features are critical factors in controlling oxygen and water management [6,16,49].…”

Section: -Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal management [2], water management [3], and oxygen transport resistance [4] account for the majority of investigations. The operating conditions of PEMFC [5], its flow field [6], and the optimization of properties of cells [5] have all been investigated. Modified catalysts [7], the properties of the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) [8], the clamping pressure of cells [9], degradation [10], hydrogen economy [11] were also studied.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cathode Side Transport Phenomena Investigation and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Tapered Parallel Flow Field PEMFC

Jabbary

Ghasabehi

Shams

2022

Preprint

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A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) provides stable, emission-free, high-efficiency power. Water management and durability of PEMFCs are directly affected by transport phenomena at the cathode side. In the present study, transport phenomena are investigated and optimized in a tapered parallel flow field. Main channels in the flow field are tapered, which increases limiting current density by 41%. Two objectives, i.e. water saturation and transport resistance, are considered metrics for transport phenomena in a tapered parallel flow field PEMFC. Operating pressure, temperature, stoichiometries at both sides, and the porosity of gas diffusion layers are selected as parameters to be optimized. Two functions are generated for objectives by integrating 3D multiphase-flow computational fluid dynamics and Response Surface Methodology. Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) is carried out with two different methods. Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) are employed to produce two challenging Pareto fronts. The results demonstrate that MOPSO performs better than NSGA-II. MOPSO recognized quite the same Pareto front with lower runtime. In the last step, the Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to select an optimum point from the Pareto front. The results are compared against experimental data, and good correspondence is observed. The optimum features are temperature 323, pressure 1 atm, anode stoichiometry 3, cathode stoichiometry 2.62, and porosity 0.68. The porosity and pressure played the most significant roles in determining water saturation and resistance.

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Section: -Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cathode Side Transport Phenomena Investigation and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Tapered Parallel Flow Field PEMFC

Jabbary

Ghasabehi

Shams

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The best electrical performance was achieved with less pressure drop inside the geometry, and therefore, less noise was generated. Through a threedimensional wave flow channel, the channel geometry accelerates electrochemical reactions in the catalytic layer [15]. Their work results on the optimal flow channel are at minimum depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Cell 3D Contour Simulation of Serpentine Flow Field Inside Cubic Channels

Morad¹,

Obeed²,

Khalaf³

2022

Proceedings of 2nd International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Integrated Sciences and Technologies, IMDC-IST 2021, 7-9

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In this study, we described the behavior of the serpentine flow field inside the fuel of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Pressure drop, inlet velocity, oxygen and gas diffusion layer (GDL), and current density determine the design of the fuel cell. The other parameters predicted in the open literature, such as temperature, humidity, etc., are not taken into account here. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 Software was used to simulate and test the electrochemical reactions governing equations. Three inlet velocities and three of (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 m/sec) cubic channels are used to show the effect of a turbulent flow without wall slip. By analyzing the results, it can be concluded that the serpentine flow field enhances the performance of fuel cells with cubic channel geometry. We found a good correlation between the current density and cell voltage at different inlet velocities.

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“…It can be noted that there are orders of magnitude difference in the degree of influence of different parameters on the performance of PEMFC [17][18][19]. Ghasabehi et al [20] compared the effects of different operating parameters on the output power of fuel cells, then found the most effective cathode stoichiometric factor. According to the explanation in [21], the study is called sensitivity analysis of parameters, which describes the impact of parameter deviations on performance fluctuations' amplitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Sensitivity to Evaluate the Impact of Operating Parameters on Stability and Performance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Pan

Liao

et al. 2021

Energies

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As a highly nonlinear system, the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is controlled by various parameters. If the effects of all parameters are considered during the performance optimization, low working efficiency and waste of resources will be caused. The development of sensitivity analysis for parameters can not only exclude the parameters which have slight effects on the system, but also provide the reasonable setting ranges of boundary values for simulation of performance optimization. Therefore, sensitivity analysis of parameters is considered as one of the methods to optimize the fuel cell performance. According to the actual operating conditions of PEMFC, the fluctuation ranges of seven sets of parameters affecting the output performance of PEMFC are determined, namely cell operating temperature, anode/cathode temperature, anode/cathode pressure, and anode/cathode mass flow rate. Then, the control variable method is used to qualitatively analyze the sensitivity of main parameters and combines with the Monte Carlo method to obtain the sensitivity indexes of the insensitive parameters under the specified current density. The results indicate that among these parameters, the working temperature of the fuel cell is the most sensitive to the output performance under all working conditions, whereas the inlet temperature is the least sensitive within the range of deviation. Moreover, the cloud maps of water content distribution under the fluctuation of three more sensitive parameters are compared; the results verify the simulated data and further reveal the reasons for performance changes. The workload of PEMFC performance optimization will be reduced based on the obtained results.

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Performance analysis of an innovative parallel flow field design of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using multiphysics simulation

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

Cathode Side Transport Phenomena Investigation and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Tapered Parallel Flow Field PEMFC

Cathode Side Transport Phenomena Investigation and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Tapered Parallel Flow Field PEMFC

Fuel Cell 3D Contour Simulation of Serpentine Flow Field Inside Cubic Channels

Assessment of Sensitivity to Evaluate the Impact of Operating Parameters on Stability and Performance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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