Airfoil is the key factor affecting the pneumatic performance of axial flow fan. the higher pneumatic performance of the designed axial flow fan, the more efficiency of axial flow fan, and less power consumption. Fisrt, the Profili software is used to optimize the design of NACA4412 airfoil to improve the lift-drag ratio, and obtains a new high-performance airfoil NACA4412-MOD suitable for heat dissipation axial flow fan. Then the pneumatic performance of the new and old airfoils is calculated by numerical simulation software. The results show that under the given Reynolds number, the lift coefficient of the new airfoil is larger than that of the original airfoil, the resistance is maintained at a considerable level or slightly, the lift-drag ratio increases greatly, and the range of the attack angle for high lift-drag ratio is wider.