Performance analysis of multiple radio-access provision in a multicore-fibre optical fronthaul

Morant, María; Llorente, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2018.11.036

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…17,18 More significant improvements in bandwidth and latency have been obtained in passive optical fronthaul schemes using a combination of TDM and WDM, also named TWDM. 19,20 Other, more advanced fronthaul proposals rely on the use of spatial division multiplexing (SDM) over multicore fibers (MCF), 21 hybrid combinations of SDM and DWDM, [22][23][24] and even a hybrid fiber-FSO (free-space optics) fronthaul. 3,25 All these studies have been performed with the goal of enhancing the fronthaul flexibility to simultaneously transmit data traffic generated by different radio access technologies present in 5G and 4G networks; however, these solutions increase the deployment costs of the C-RAN architecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of an active and passive optical fronthaul with dense wavelength division multiplexing for coexisting 4G/5G cloud radio access network architectures based on software defined radio

et al. 2022

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We experimentally investigate the performance of an active and passive optical fronthaul to be employed in a cloud/centralized radio access network (C-RAN) architecture based on software-defined radio (SDR) for 4G systems, and we discuss the viability to integrate these fronthaul configurations in coexisting 4G/5G systems based on SDR by considering the reconfigurable characteristics of SDRs and the capacity and latency characteristics of the optical fronthaul. The active optical fronthaul consists of two transponders employing dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), whereas the passive optical fronthaul consists of a point-topoint scheme based on DWDM only. To perform a comparative study between the active and passive optical fronthaul in the C-RAN architecture, we have measured the throughput (bit rate) generated via iPerf ® for uplink and downlink transmissions at different DWDM channels, and we analyze the losses and latency presented in both optical fronthaul schemes. We found that for different optical fronthaul lengths up to 21.76 km, the bit rate is practically the same for the passive and active fronthaul despite the higher optical losses present in the passive fronthaul in comparison to the active fronthaul. In addition, the latency among active and passive fronthaul are almost similar with an estimated increment of 20 μs in the active fronthaul. These results are independently of the number of remote radio heads (RRHs) and user equipment (UEs) considered in the C-RAN architecture. Our findings put forward the proposed DWDM passive fronthaul as a viable, less complex, and cost-sensitive solution for C-RAN systems with fronthaul lengths up to 21.76 km. These results and all the experiences reported on the C-RAN implementation provide valuable information to design and develop 4G and 5G C-RAN architectures based on SDR with the capability to operate in a DWDM optical fronthaul infrastructure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of an active and passive optical fronthaul with dense wavelength division multiplexing for coexisting 4G/5G cloud radio access network architectures based on software defined radio

et al. 2022

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“…This is of especial importance when targeting high-frequency bands, as the associated wireless range is limited due to radio propagation considerations and technological constrains [1]. In the C-RAN architecture, the classical base station (BS) is split into several remote radio heads (RRHs), which are served by a single unit called the baseband unit (BBU) [2]. In addition to a reduced coverage cost per unit area, this arrangement has the advantage of advanced inter-cell coordination since the management of all the RRHs is done from the same centralized location (the BBU).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Wireless-Optical Backhaul and Fronthaul Provision Through Multicore Fiber

Gonzalez-Guerrero

Morant

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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In this paper we propose multicore fiber (MCF) as the medium to transport the different signals associated with various wireless applications (ranging from access to fronthauling and backhauling) from the baseband unit (BBU) to the cell-site. Using 1 km of a 7-core MCF, we simultaneously transmit fronthaul and backhaul signals from the BBU to the cell site, where they are converted to carrier frequencies in the mm-wave and sub-THz band, respectively. The backhaul is evaluated with a 12.5 GBd 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal, whereas the fronthaul is evaluated with a 7 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) signal carrying 14 LTE-compatible channels. The fronthaul signal is generated with a novel compression technique that achieves an efficiency 3-times higher than the one obtained with the common public radio interface (CPRI) protocol. Optical heterodyining is implemented at the cell site for optical-to-RF conversion. The local oscillator (LO) signal required for optical heterodyning is transmitted in a dedicated core, reducing the system complexity and enabling its straightforward reuse for uplink (UL) transmission. The experimental demonstration includes the simultaneous full-duplex transmission of both the fronthaul and backhaul signals, using 6 cores of the MCF at the same time and achieving a gross data rate of 57 Gbit/s. INDEX TERMS backhaul, centralized-radio access network (C-RAN), fronthaul, mm-wave communications, multicore fiber (MCF), optical communications, photonics, radio-over-fiber (RoF), space division multiplexing, sub-THz communications.

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“…The nonlinear effects in TCFs have been studied since 1982 for its particular application in all-optical switching [46]. In the recent years, TCFs together with other few-mode and few-core fibers have attracted new attention of scholars for their application in the mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology as the new information transmission medium [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The nonlinearity in such fibers exerts significant effects on the performance of the MDM system, and much effort has been made to explore the nonlinear effects [55][56][57][58][59][60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fourth-order dispersion on modulation instabilities in two-core optical fibers with asymmetric CW state

Li¹,

Sun²,

Qiao³

et al. 2020

Phys. Scr.

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The effects of fourth-order dispersion (FOD) on modulation instabilities in the twin-core optical fibers with the asymmetric CW state are studied systematically. When the product of the group velocity dispersion and FOD is negative, in the anomalous dispersion regime, two new MI bands in the high frequency are generated with one band either having the equivalent gain with that of original band or dominating the MI depending on the FOD value; in the normal dispersion, a new dominant MI band in the high frequency is always generated, and the original MI bands vanish in the presence of FOD at total power above a critical value. When the product of the group velocity dispersion and FOD is positive, the main effect of FOD is to shift the MI band to the low frequency and reduce the bandwidth simultaneously with minor effects on the instability gain. We also find that the effects of linear coupling coefficient dispersion can be significantly suppressed in the presence of FOD especially for the case of negative product of the group velocity dispersion and FOD. Finally, the effects of FOD on MI are verified numerically by launching continuous waves with the wave propagation method. Our results should provide very benificial information for successfully observing MI in TCFs or MI related applications with TCFs.

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Performance analysis of multiple radio-access provision in a multicore-fibre optical fronthaul

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Analysis of an active and passive optical fronthaul with dense wavelength division multiplexing for coexisting 4G/5G cloud radio access network architectures based on software defined radio

Analysis of an active and passive optical fronthaul with dense wavelength division multiplexing for coexisting 4G/5G cloud radio access network architectures based on software defined radio

Integrated Wireless-Optical Backhaul and Fronthaul Provision Through Multicore Fiber

The effects of fourth-order dispersion on modulation instabilities in two-core optical fibers with asymmetric CW state

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