Performance Analysis of SI Engine Fueled by Ethanol Steam Reforming Products

Tartakovsky, Leonid; Baibikov, Vladimir; Gutman, Menachem; Mosyak, A.; Veinblat, Mark

doi:10.4271/2011-01-1992

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Moreover, HC and NO x emissions were reduced while CO emission was increased under stoichiometric condition. Tartakovsky et al [21,22] investigated engine performances when running on ethanol and methanol steam reforming products and resulted in an increased engine thermal efficiency and decreased NO x , THC and CO emission when compared with original gasoline engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of H2 and CO enrichment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of spark ignition natural gas engine

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2016

Fuel

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h i g h l i g h t sCO is less effective than H 2 in improving engine combustion and thermal efficiency. Both CO and H 2 smoothes engine operation and lowers THC emission. CO is less effective in improving the laminar flame speed of CH 4 than H 2 . a b s t r a c tFuel reforming is an attractive way for improving the performances of internal combustion engine. The primary components of the reformed gas are H 2 , CO, CO 2 and N 2 . A detailed knowledge of each component in reformed gas is essential for judging or making better use of the reformed gas as well as reforming technologies. In this paper, the influences of the major combustibles of the reformed gas, H 2 and CO, on the performances of a lean burn spark ignition natural gas engine are investigated. Results indicate that addition of H 2 and CO could improve in-cylinder combustion, smooth engine operation and increase engine thermal efficiency. With the addition of H 2 and CO, both the peaks of in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate increase, flame development duration and rapid combustion duration as well as CovIMEP decrease. However, CO is less effective compared with H 2 . The influence of H 2 on engine THC emission is insignificant while addition of CO tends to increase engine CO emission remarkably owing to the quenching and crevice effect. Both H 2 and CO tend to worsen engine NO x emission due to the increased in-cylinder temperature while the effect of H 2 is more distinct. The simulation of laminar flame speed manifests that addition of H 2 and CO increase O, H and OH radical concentration and hence improve the flame propagation and the combustion process, resulting in improved laminar flame speed of the fuel-air mixtures. In compare, H 2 addition leads to higher laminar flame speed than CO addition does. The whole investigation of this paper implies that both H 2 and CO in the reformed gas are effective in improving engine combustion and effective thermal efficiency while H 2 is more effective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of H2 and CO enrichment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of spark ignition natural gas engine

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2016

Fuel

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“…TCR is based on utilizing the exhaust waste heat to sustain endothermic reactions of a primary fuel reforming in an onboard catalytic reactor [10]. As a result, the heating value of the produced new hydrogen-rich fuel (reformate) rises, with subsequent benefits in terms of efficiency and emissions mitigation [11,12]. Some recently published works suggest using TCR for reformate production from alcohol fuels, such as methanol and ethanol in SI engines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of the Reforming-Controlled Compression Ignition Concept for UAV Applications

Eyal

Tartakovsky

2020

Drones

Self Cite

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Reforming-controlled compression ignition (RefCCI) is a novel approach combining two methods to improve the internal combustion engine’s efficiency and mitigate emissions: low-temperature combustion (LTC) and thermochemical recuperation (TCR). Frequently, the combustion controllability challenge is resolved by simultaneous injection into the cylinder of two fuel types, each on the other edge of the reactivity scale. By changing the low-to-high-reactivity fuel ratio, ignition timing and combustion phasing control can be achieved. The RefCCI principles, benefits, and possible challenges are described in previous publications. However, the suitability of the RefCCI approach for aerial, mainly unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms has not been studied yet. The main goal of this paper is to examine whether the RefCCI approach can be beneficial for UAV, especially HALE (high-altitude long-endurance) applications. The thermodynamic first-law and the second-law analysis is numerically performed to investigate the RefCCI approach suitability for UAV applications and to assess possible efficiency gains. A comparison with the conventional diesel engine and the previously developed technology of spark ignition (SI) engine with high-pressure TCR is performed in view of UAV peculiarities. The results indicate that the RefCCI system can be beneficial for UAV applications. The RefCCI higher efficiency compared to existing commercial engines compensates the lower heating value of the primary fuel, so the fuel consumption remains almost the same. By optimizing the compression pressure ratio, the RefCCI system efficiency can be improved.

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“…The concept of applying TCR in internal combustion engines to improve efficiency involves using exhaust heat to promote the catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon fuels to produce a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, typically referred to as syngas or reformate. , For TCR to occur, the enthalpy of the product reformate mixture must be higher than that of the initial reactants. , Numerous studies on the application of TCR in gas turbines for power plants have been published, − but the idea of using this method in internal combustion engines is more recent. Researchers examining the TCR approach have suggested benefits including increased work output of up to 13% , and improvements in engine efficiency ranging from 10% to 17%. − In addition, the reforming potential of a wide variety of hydrocarbon fuels has been studied for both TCR and fuel cell applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers examining the TCR approach have suggested benefits including increased work output of up to 13% , and improvements in engine efficiency ranging from 10% to 17%. − In addition, the reforming potential of a wide variety of hydrocarbon fuels has been studied for both TCR and fuel cell applications. These include conventional fuels such as gasoline ,− and diesel, ,− along with alternative fuels such as ethanol, , methanol, , and natural gas …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 For TCR to occur, the enthalpy of the product reformate mixture must be higher than that of the initial reactants. 17,12 Numerous studies on the application of TCR in gas turbines for power plants have been published, 18−24 but the idea of using this method in internal combustion engines is more recent. Researchers examining the TCR approach have suggested benefits including increased work output of up to 13% 11,25 and improvements in engine efficiency ranging from 10% to 17%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Catalytic Steam and Partial Oxidation Reforming of Liquid Fuels for Application in Improving the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

2018

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This study investigated the potential for catalytically reforming liquid fuels in a simulated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mixture loop for the purpose of generating reformate that could be used to increase stoichiometric combustion engine efficiency. The experiments were performed on a simulated exhaust flow reactor using a Rh/Al2O3 reformer catalyst, and the fuels evaluated included iso-octane, ethanol, and gasoline. Both steam reforming and partial oxidation reforming were examined as routes for the production of reformate. Steam reforming was determined to be an ineffective option for reforming in an EGR loop, because of the high exhaust temperatures (in excess of 700 °C) required to produce adequate concentrations of reformate, regardless of fuel. However, partial oxidation reforming is capable of producing hydrogen concentrations as high as 10%–16%, depending on fuel and operating conditions in the simulated EGR gas mixture. Meanwhile, measurements of total fuel enthalpy retention were shown to have favorable energetics under a range of conditions, although a tradeoff between fuel enthalpy retention and reformate production was observed. Of the three fuels evaluated, iso-octane exhibited the best overall performance, followed by ethanol and then gasoline. Overall, it was found that partial oxidation reforming of liquid fuels in a simulated EGR mixture over the Rh/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated sufficiently high reformate yields and favorable energetics to warrant further evaluation in the EGR system of a stoichiometric combustion engine.

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Performance Analysis of SI Engine Fueled by Ethanol Steam Reforming Products

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of H2 and CO enrichment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of spark ignition natural gas engine

Effects of H2 and CO enrichment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of spark ignition natural gas engine

Suitability of the Reforming-Controlled Compression Ignition Concept for UAV Applications

Catalytic Steam and Partial Oxidation Reforming of Liquid Fuels for Application in Improving the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

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