Performance Analysis of Time-Modulated Arrays for the Angle Diversity Reception of Digital Linear Modulated Signals

Maneiro-Catoira, Roberto; Bregáins, Julio; García-Naya, José A.; Castedo, Luis; Rocca, Paolo; Poli, Lorenzo

doi:10.1109/jstsp.2016.2609852

Cited by 61 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Hence, the true challenge at this point is the synthesis of an efficient harmonic beamforming where it is not enough to satisfy certain conditions in terms of locations of maxima and nulls, but to safeguard the TMA efficiency and, consequently, the average SNR at the receiver (recall that the gain per beam path is proportional to the TMA efficiency [27]). The pioneering work involving the efficiency in the TMA beamforming design is [77], which is devoted to the performance analysis of TMA for the angle diversity reception of digital communication signals. Figure 4 shows the system block diagram whose performance is analyzed in [77]: a narrowband wireless communication system using a conventional M -ary linear digital modulation assuming an omnidirectional antenna at the transmitter, and a TMA, together with a maximum ratio combining (MRC) at the receiver, to exploit the channel diversity through the beamforming with the first

L - 1

positive TMA harmonic patterns.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigations in [77] also lead to the detection of certain limitations of rectangular pulses when the aim is to achieve a flexible and efficient beamforming with TMA. Such vulnerabilities are directly related to the frequency response of rectangular pulses (Chapter 3, p89, [78]): a minimum main-lobe width and a modest side-lobe level (−13 dB), together with a slow (first order) asymptotic side-lobe decay.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common denominator of these recent investigations [72,75,77,79] is that TMA are analyzed and evaluated not only from an antenna outlook, but also from a signal processing perspective.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time Modulated Arrays: From their Origin to Their Utilization in Wireless Communication Systems

Maneiro-Catoira

Bregáins

García-Naya

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Time-modulated arrays (TMAs) are electromagnetic systems whose radiated power pattern is controlled by the application of variable-width periodical pulses to the individual elements. The nonlinear nature of the array operation causes the appearance of radiation patterns at the harmonic frequencies of such periodic pulses. The technique can be used for improving the side-lobe level (SLL) topology of the radiation pattern at the central frequency and/or to profitably exploit the harmonic patterns in order to supply smart antenna capabilities. Among the latter features, the TMA harmonic beamforming takes on special importance due to its attractive trade-off performance-hardware complexity. From this perspective, TMAs are sensors capable of transforming the spatial diversity of a communication channel into frequency diversity, thus improving the performance of a wireless communication. In addition to a walk through the origins of the concept, and a brief analysis of the mathematical fundamentals, this paper organizes the prolific state of the art of TMAs in two major thematic blocks: (1) TMA design from an antenna perspective; and (2) TMA design from a signal processing perspective.

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L - 1

positive TMA harmonic patterns.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time Modulated Arrays: From their Origin to Their Utilization in Wireless Communication Systems

Maneiro-Catoira

Bregáins

García-Naya

et al. 2017

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In recent years, numerous studies have been published on the pattern synthesis of time-modulated array antennas. e literature [18][19][20] studied the synthesis of the TMLA patterns. e synthesis of simultaneous and multiple harmonic beams for applications (e.g., beam steering) has been already investigated [21,22] to enhance the reliability of the communication system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Novel techniques for circularly polarised UWB-scanned patterns were explored with low sidelobes in [28]. Unlike [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], the present study can create beams at more than two different desired directions. us, the TMLA is adopted to solve the shared aperture multibeam forming problems for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared Aperture Multibeam Forming of Time‐Modulated Linear Array

2019

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A novel technique is proposed in this paper for shared aperture multibeam forming in a complex time-modulated linear array. First, a uniform line array is interleaved randomly to form two sparse array subarrays. Subsequently, the theory of time modulation for linear arrays is applied in the constructed subarrays. In the meantime, the switch-on time sequences for each element of the two subarrays are optimized by an optimized differential evolution (DE) algorithm, i.e., the scaling factor of the sinusoidal iterative chaotic system and the adaptive crossover probability factor are used to enhance the diversity of the population. Lastly, the feasibility of the new technique is verified by the comparison between this technique and the basic multibeam algorithm in a shared aperture and the algorithm of iterative FFT. The results of simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm can form more desired beams, and it is superior to other similar approaches.

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Pattern synthesis of timed antenna array with the exploitation and suppression of harmonic radiation

Chakraborty

Ram

Mandal

2021

Int J Communication

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SummaryThe pattern synthesis of timed antenna array with the exploitation and suppression of harmonic radiation is proposed in this paper. Timed arrays are the time‐domain alternatives of conventional antenna arrays, where an additional control parameter “time” is used to generate the desired time‐averaged radiation pattern. This additional control also comes with the inherent hindrance of harmonic radiation, generally considered as an undesired effect of time modulation. In this work, this hindrance is overcome with different objectives considering the exploitation and suppression of harmonic radiation of timed arrays. To demonstrate the exploitation of harmonic radiation, a simultaneous sum and difference pattern with reduced sidelobe suitable for monopulse tracking radar systems is obtained at the fundamental and the first harmonic frequency by an optimal subarrayed pulse splitting and shifting approach. Two separate cases, considering uniform and optimized static excitations along with the proposed subarrayed pulse sequence, are presented for the exhaustive analysis of the simultaneous multibeam pattern. To address the suppression of harmonic radiation, the sidelobe level (SLL) at the fundamental frequency and the sideband levels (SBLs) of higher‐order harmonic frequencies are simultaneously reduced. In this regard, a unique pulse shifting approach for the edge elements of the array, along with an optimal set of static excitations, is proposed to enhance the efficiency of the antenna system by reducing SLL and SBLs at the same time. Two uniquely defined cost functions are chosen to address the above‐mentioned objectives by exploiting and suppressing the harmonic radiation of timed arrays, which further increases the adaptability and reconfigurability of the array. A set of 16‐element “time‐modulated” linear array (TMLA) is considered for optimization, and a wavelet mutation‐based differential evolution (DEWM) algorithm is employed to obtain the optimal solutions. Obtained numerical results are reported and also compared with previously published works to show the proposed approach's potentialities.

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Performance Analysis of Time-Modulated Arrays for the Angle Diversity Reception of Digital Linear Modulated Signals

Cited by 61 publications

References 35 publications

Time Modulated Arrays: From their Origin to Their Utilization in Wireless Communication Systems

Time Modulated Arrays: From their Origin to Their Utilization in Wireless Communication Systems

Shared Aperture Multibeam Forming of Time‐Modulated Linear Array

Pattern synthesis of timed antenna array with the exploitation and suppression of harmonic radiation

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