Performance and emission study of biodiesel from leather industry pre-fleshings

Özgünay, Hasan; Çolak, Selime; Zengin, Gökhan; Sari, Özcan; Sarikahya, Hasan; YüCEER, Levent

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.08.014

Cited by 72 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Attributing the decrease in yield after exceeding the optimum time to cracking followed by oxidizing of the formed fatty acid methyl esters to aldehydes, ketones and lower chained organic fractions could be excluded because the GC results do not show peaks of oxygenated compounds. Several studies (Ozgunay et al, 2007;Usta, 2005;Pramanik, 2003;Dorado et al, 2003b) which have previously carried out performance tests with biodiesel fuels produced from different resources, stated that biodiesel shows slightly lower performance values in comparison with petroleum diesel fuel performance. Kegl reported that because of the lower heating value of biodiesel fuel, the engine effective power is reduced by about 5 % and the specific fuel consumption is increased by about 10 %, whereas the thermal efficiency is practically the same for both fuels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum reaction time, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced by microwave irradiation

Refaat

Sheltawy

Sadek

2008

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

128

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While transesterification is well established, there remain considerable inefficiencies in existing transesterification processes. In this study an alternative energy stimulant, ''microwave irradiation'' was used for the production of the alternative energy source, biodiesel. The optimum parametric conditions obtained from the conventional technique were applied using microwave irradiation in order to compare both systems. The results showed that application of radio frequency microwave energy offers a fast, easy route to this valuable biofuel with advantages of enhancing the reaction rate and improving the separation process. The methodology allows for the use of high free fatty acid content feedstock, including used cooking oil; hence it helps to reduce the cost of production which constitutes a major hurdle towards widespread commercialization of biodiesel. The study also showed that the optimum reaction time for microwave-enhanced biodiesel production should be highly respected. Exceeding the optimum reaction time will lead to deterioration of both biodiesel yield and purity. This paper also reported the performance and exhaust emissions from a diesel engine when fuelled with a petroleum diesel fuel and two different biodiesel fuels; one obtained by the conventional technique and the other by microwave irradiation. It was concluded that microwave-enhanced biodiesel is not, at least, inferior to that produced by the conventional technique.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum reaction time, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced by microwave irradiation

Refaat

Sheltawy

Sadek

2008

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

128

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“…The valonea and chestnut tannins have similar structural configuration, except by tridimensional macromolecular chains. 20,42 Figure 4 shows the graph of the PC1 scores (66.31%) versus those of PC3 (15.21%). In the graph, PC3 separates myrobalan, quebracho and valonea (positive scores) from tara, black wattle and chestnut (negative scores).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the tannins, chestnut and valonea samples showed the greatest similarity, indicating that these extracts have an equivalent chemical composition, in agreement with the literature. [20][21][22][23][24] In another study near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used with partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) for the classification of tannin extracts. 17 The method provided 100% sensitivity and specificity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal Component Analysis of Commercial Tannin Extracts Using Digital Images on Mobile Devices

Grasel¹,

Ferrão²,

Helfer³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Tannins from trees are an abundant renewable resource. The use of tannins is safe for the environment and human health, making it possible to develop environmentally friendly products, such as adhesives, flocculant agents for water treatment, flame retardant foams and anticorrosives. In this study, a methodology was developed for the identification of six commercial tannin extracts (chestnut, valonea, tara, myrobalan, quebracho and black wattle) using digital images on mobile devices. The identification of the extracts was based on principal component analysis using the PhotoMetrix ® mobile application. In the evaluation of the principal components, it was possible to define the separation between the six classes of extracts by color evaluation, according to the extract origin. In the analysis of PC1 × PC2, black wattle was very close to quebracho and chestnut was close to valonea; these extracts are chemically similar. The methodology developed for the analysis of tannin extracts obeys the principles of green chemistry requiring no reagents, and is fast, non-destructive and inexpensive.

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“…Los métodos más utilizados para la producción de biodiesel a partir de residuos de cuero curtido se basan en la transesterificación, bien en una o en dos etapas, utilizando ácido y catalizadores alcalinos (Alptekin et al, 2012;Kolomazník et al, 2009;Özgünay et al, 2007). El proceso se llevó a cabo usando un catalizador alcalino para convertir directamente los triglicéridos en ésteres de alquilo.…”

Section: Utilización De Residuos De Cuero Para La Obtención De Biodieselunclassified

Reciclaje de residuos de cuero: una revisión de estudios experimentales

Restrepo

Vásquez

2015

Inf. Téc.

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El curtido del cuero convierte las pieles naturales en materiales flexibles, imputrescibles y duraderos, mediante complejos procesos que generan cantidades significativas de residuos que representan un problema ambiental si no se gestionan adecuadamente. Se presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre la reutilización de residuos sólidos procedentes de las operaciones de procesamiento del cuero. Se encontraron cuatro renglones de investigación ampliamente reportados; en primer lugar, la pirólisis de los residuos para la obtención de combustibles sólidos alternativos y para la síntesis de materiales carbonosos con propiedades multifuncionales, con potencial para el secuestro de dióxido de carbono y para la adsorción de tintes en soluciones acuosas. Los otros tres renglones identificados son la obtención de biodiesel mediante transesterificación, la modificación de asfaltos y el uso de residuos de cuero como material reforzante en mezclas de caucho. La revisión de la literatura indicó que es posible disminuir el impacto ambiental de la industria del cuero, no sólo mediante el tratamiento de efluentes, que ha sido la temática más estudiada, sino tratando los residuos sólidos que se generan durante el curtido para obtener nuevos y valiosos productos.

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Performance and emission study of biodiesel from leather industry pre-fleshings

Cited by 72 publications

References 10 publications

Optimum reaction time, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced by microwave irradiation

Optimum reaction time, performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced by microwave irradiation

Principal Component Analysis of Commercial Tannin Extracts Using Digital Images on Mobile Devices

Reciclaje de residuos de cuero: una revisión de estudios experimentales

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