Performance and N2O Formation of the Deammonification Process by Suspended Sludge and Biofilm Systems—A Pilot-Scale Study

Leix, Carmen; Hartl, Rebecca; Zeh, Christian; Beer, Franz; Drewes, Jörg E.; Koch, Konrad

doi:10.3390/w8120578

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…3). Both are biological nutrient removal systems removing nitrogen by partial nitritation, followed by anammox (22)(23)(24). The biomass samples were from thick biofilm carriers for Kempten and large biomass granules from the swing-redox reactor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Diversity and High Abundance of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) Genes in Contaminated Aquifers and Wastewater Treatment Systems

Zhu

Bradford

Huang

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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It has recently been suggested that oxygenic dismutation of NO into N 2 and O 2 may occur in the anaerobic methanotrophic "Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera" and the alkane-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium HdN1. It may represent a new pathway in microbial nitrogen cycling catalyzed by a putative NO dismutase (Nod). The formed O 2 enables microbes to employ aerobic catabolic pathways in anoxic habitats, suggesting an ecophysiological niche space of substantial appeal for bioremediation and water treatment. However, it is still unknown whether this physiology is limited to "Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera" and HdN1 and whether it can be coupled to the oxidation of electron donors other than alkanes. Here, we report insights into an unexpected diversity and remarkable abundance of nod genes in natural and engineered water systems. Phylogenetically diverse nod genes were recovered from a range of contaminated aquifers and N-removing wastewater treatment systems. Together with nod genes from "Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera" and HdN1, the novel environmental nod sequences formed no fewer than 6 well-supported phylogenetic clusters, clearly distinct from canonical NO reductase (quinoldependent NO reductase [qNor] and cytochrome c-dependent NO reductase [cNor]) genes. The abundance of nod genes in the investigated samples ranged from 1.6 ϫ 10 7 to 5.2 ϫ 10 10 copies · g Ϫ1 (wet weight) of sediment or sludge biomass, accounting for up to 10% of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene counts. In essence, NO dismutation could be a much more widespread physiology than currently perceived. Understanding the controls of this emergent microbial capacity could offer new routes for nitrogen elimination or pollutant remediation in natural and engineered water systems.IMPORTANCE NO dismutation into N 2 and O 2 is a novel process catalyzed by putative NO dismutase (Nod). To date, only two bacteria, the anaerobic methaneoxidizing bacterium "Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera" and the alkane-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium HdN1, are known to harbor nod genes. In this study, we report efficient molecular tools that can detect and quantify a wide diversity of nod genes in environmental samples. A surprisingly high diversity and abundance of nod genes were found in contaminated aquifers as well as wastewater treatment systems. This evidence indicates that NO dismutation may be a much more widespread physiology in natural and man-made environments than currently perceived. The molecular tools presented here will facilitate further studies on these enigmatic microbes in the future.KEYWORDS nitric oxide (NO) dismutation, NO dismutase, oxygenic denitrification,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Diversity and High Abundance of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) Genes in Contaminated Aquifers and Wastewater Treatment Systems

Zhu

Bradford

Huang

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Process optimization can also be carried out to constrain the N 2 O stripping stimulation. Leix et al 45 managed to reduce the stripping effects by rearranging the aerobic and anoxic periods after feeding to allow for a reduction of N 2 O without aeration.…”

Section: Logicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Nitrous Oxide Mitigation Strategies in Wastewater Treatment and Challenges for Wider Implementation

Duan

Zhao

Koch

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions account for the majority of the carbon footprint of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Many N 2 O mitigation strategies have since been developed while a holistic view is still missing. This article reviews the state-of-the-art of N 2 O mitigation studies in wastewater treatment. Through analyzing existing studies, this article presents the essential knowledge to guide N 2 O mitigations, and the logics behind mitigation strategies. In practice, mitigations are mainly carried out by aeration control, feed scheme optimization, and process optimization. Despite increasingly more studies, real implementation remains rare, which is a combined result of unclear climate change policies/incentives, as well as technical challenges. Five critical technical challenges, as well as opportunities, of N 2 O mitigations were identified. It is proposed that (i) quantification methods for overall N 2 O emissions and pathway contributions need improvement; (ii) a reliable while straightforward mathematical model is required to quantify benefits and compare mitigation strategies; (iii) tailored risk assessment needs to be conducted for WWTPs, in which more longterm full-scale trials of N 2 O mitigation are urgently needed to enable robust assessments of the resulting operational costs and impact on nutrient removal performance; (iv) current mitigation strategies focus on centralized WWTPs, more investigations are warranted for decentralised systems, especially decentralized activated sludge WWTPs; and (v) N 2 O may be mitigated by adopting novel strategies promoting N 2 O reduction denitrification or microorganisms that emit less N 2 O. Overall, we conclude N 2 O mitigation research is reaching a maturity while challenges still exist for a wider implementation, especially in relation to the reliability of N 2 O mitigation strategies and potential risks to nutrient removal performances of WWTPs.

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“…In a comparison between deammonification technologies and conventional nitrification/denitrification, it was found that the first emitted less nitrous oxide [50,51]. However, past studies also highlighted that the nitrous oxide emissions of deammonification can exceed the nitrification/denitrification when leaving the partial nitritation step uncontrolled with nitrite concentrations >20 mg N L À1 [52,53]. Additionally, a range of indirect greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the power consumption from the grid.…”

Section: Ammonia Recovery and Climate Change Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic analysis of sidestream ammonia removal technologies: Biological options versus thermal stripping

Ochs

Martin

Germain-Cripps

et al. 2023

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

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Performance and N2O Formation of the Deammonification Process by Suspended Sludge and Biofilm Systems—A Pilot-Scale Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Unexpected Diversity and High Abundance of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) Genes in Contaminated Aquifers and Wastewater Treatment Systems

Unexpected Diversity and High Abundance of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) Genes in Contaminated Aquifers and Wastewater Treatment Systems

Insights into Nitrous Oxide Mitigation Strategies in Wastewater Treatment and Challenges for Wider Implementation

Techno-economic analysis of sidestream ammonia removal technologies: Biological options versus thermal stripping

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