Performance Assessment of the Exploration Water Recovery System

Carter, D. Layne; Tabb, David; Perry, Jay L.

doi:10.4271/2008-01-2140

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Rehydration of freeze-dried foods uses the recycled water from the spacecraft (Carter, Tabb, & Perry, 2008). The recycling process makes the water safe to drink but could also concentrate some volatile and nonvolatile compounds after multiple passes through the system (Limero & Wallace, 2017).…”

Section: Food Rehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To minimize the transport of water from Earth to the ISS, wastewater is recycled. On the U.S. side of the ISS, water from urine, washing water, and water vapor from the air are recycled by a series of procedures (Carter et al., 2008) with 93% of water being recycled (Bai, 2008). On the Russian side of the ISS, only water from the atmosphere is recycled (Atkinson, 2013).…”

Section: Water Quality On the Issmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the recycling of water decreases the resupply needs of the ISS, recycling can also concentrate certain chemical compounds in the drinking water that may be detrimental to human health and may impart an undesirable taste or flavor to the drinking water. Given that water is recycled from the atmosphere as well as from liquid wastes, it is no surprise that recycled water contains a wide range of volatile and nonvolatile compounds (Carter et al., 2008). Because the quality of recycled water is essential for astronaut safety and well‐being, samples are regularly sent from the ISS to Earth for comprehensive chemical analyses to monitor the levels of organic and inorganic contaminants, with the results published (Straub et al., 2017; Straub, Plumlee, & Schultz, 2012; Straub, Plumlee, Schultz, & McCoy, 2011; Straub, Plumlee, Schultz, & McCoy, 2012, 2013).…”

Section: Water Quality On the Issmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting flavor perception in space: Does the spacecraft environment influence food intake by astronauts?

Taylor¹,

Beauchamp

Briand

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The intention to send a crewed mission to Mars involves a huge amount of planning to ensure a safe and successful mission. Providing adequate amounts of food for the crew is a major task, but 20 years of feeding astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) have resulted in a good knowledge base. A crucial observation from the ISS is that astronauts typically consume only 80% of their daily calorie requirements when in space. This is despite daily exercise regimes that keep energy usage at very similar levels to those found on Earth. This calorie deficit seems to have little effect on astronauts who spend up to 12 months on the ISS, but given that a mission to Mars would take 30 to 36 months to complete, there is concern that a calorie deficit over this period may lead to adverse effects in crew members. The key question is why astronauts undereat when they have a supply of food designed to fully deliver their nutritional needs. This review focuses on evidence from astronauts that foods taste different in space, compared to on Earth. The underlying hypothesis is that conditions in space may change the perceived flavor of the food, and this flavor change may, in turn, lead to underconsumption by astronauts. The key areas investigated in this review for their potential impact on food intake are the effects of food shelf life, physiological changes, noise, air and water quality on the perception of food flavor, as well as the link between food flavor and food intake.

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Section: Food Rehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Quality On the Issmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Quality On the Issmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors affecting flavor perception in space: Does the spacecraft environment influence food intake by astronauts?

Taylor¹,

Beauchamp

Briand

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, urine, washing water and water vapour (e.g. sweat) from the air within the ISS are collected and cleaned by passing them through two massive (500 kg) filters [9] . Studies by NASA have identified potential toxic contaminants in the recycled water and limits, referred to as Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines or SWEGs, have been set to ensure the safety of astronauts.…”

Section: Conditions On Boardmentioning

confidence: 99%