Performance characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine operating on methyl soyoil and methyl tallow esters

Yahya, Azmi Bin

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-8848

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…2 diesel fuel. Ali [102] and Yahya [103] also found no significant difference in CO2 emissions between the biodiesel and No. 2 diesel fuel.…”

Section: Comparison Of Co2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CO emissions of the 20% blends of SME and YGME were decreased by 7.51% and 6.99%, respectively. Monyem[78], and Yahya[103] also found that biodiesel and their blends lowered CO emissions. In their study, they found 15.7% and 15.8% reductions in CO emissions compared to No.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Monyem[78], Chang et al[16], and Yahya[103] fueled a John Deere 4276T fourcylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged DI diesel engine with biodiesel fuels and No. 2 diesel fuel.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of biodiesel from feedstocks with high free fatty acids and its effect on diesel engine performance and emissions

Çanakçı¹

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Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of the alkyl monoesters of fatty acids from vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is receiving increasing attention as an alternative, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable diesel fuel. Many studies have shown that the properties of biodiesel are very close to diesel fuel. Therefore, biodiesel can be used in diesel engines with little or no modification. Biodiesel is usually produced from food-grade vegetable oils that are more expensive than diesel fuel. Therefore, use of biodiesel produced from food-grade vegetable oil may be limited to cases of severe shortages or emergencies. However, lower cost feedstocks are available. Rendered animal fats and restaurant waste oils are an attractive source to produce biodiesel. The problem with processing rendered fats and oils is that they usually contain large amounts of free fatty acids that cannot be converted to biodiesel using an alkaline catalyst due to the formation of soaps. An alternative way is to use acid catalysts, which are more tolerant of free fatty acids. The objective of this study was to develop a process to utilize rendered fats, known as yellow grease, as a biodiesel feedstock and to build a pilot plant to implement this process. The pilot plant was successfully constructed and was shown to be capable of processing rendered fats containing 40% free fatty acids. After preparing a sufficient amount of biodiesel from rendered animal fats and restaurant waste oils, the impact of the biodiesel on diesel engine exhaust emissions and engine performance was evaluated and compared to No. 2 diesel fuel and soybean oil methyl ester. The methyl esters produced from yellow grease gave nearly the same thermal efficiency but higher fuel consumption compared with No. 2 diesel fuel. At the operating XV condition studied, the biodiesel produced 17.77% and 46.27% lower CO and HC emissions, respectively, than No. 2 diesel fuel. The Bosch Smoke Number for biodiesel from yellow grease was 64.21% less than with No. 2 diesel fuel. The methyl esters had 11.60% higher NO x emissions than the No. 2 diesel fuel. No significant differences were found in the exhaust emissions and engine performance between the biodiesel produced from yellow grease and biodiesel from soybean oil.

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“…2 diesel fuel. Ali [102] and Yahya [103] also found no significant difference in CO2 emissions between the biodiesel and No. 2 diesel fuel.…”

Section: Comparison Of Co2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Production of biodiesel from feedstocks with high free fatty acids and its effect on diesel engine performance and emissions

Çanakçı¹

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“…Fuelled with non-esterified vegetable oils, they quickly experience operating problems in long-term engine used [6]. These problems among others are the formation of carbon deposits inside the engine, fuel injector fouling, sticking of piston rings, heavy gum deposits on cylinder walls, and a strong cyclic dispersion that can lead to mechanical difficulties or damages [4] [7] [8] [9] [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While diesel fuel has straight or branched chain configurations, composed mostly of saturated hydrocarbons, vegetable oils are predominantly formed by (about 95%) triglycerides which are also composed of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. The highest degree of unsaturation makes vegetable oils susceptible to oxidation leading to free radical formation and polymerization [10]. This polymerization can either be an oxidative polymerization in storage, pressures preceding combustion [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Atmospheric Oxygen on the Puffing and Bursting Phenomena during Vegetable Oils Droplets Vaporization Process for Their Use as Biofuel in Diesel Engine

Zongo¹,

Daho²,

Vaïtilingom³

et al. 2018

EPE

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The past literature on the use of vegetable oils as fuel in diesel engine revealed that utilizing vegetable oil fuels in diesel engines may require property changes in the oil or perhaps, some minor engine modifications or operating changes. This study was conducted to search for the effect of atmospheric oxygen on the puffing and bursting phenomena that occur during vegetable oils droplet vaporization process in their use as fuel in diesel engine. The fiber-suspended droplet technique was used, and the normalized square droplet diameter as well as the temperature evolution vicinity the droplet was analyzed. The results show that puffing and bursting phenomena highly depend on oxygen. In presence of atmospheric oxygen, there is an increase of the puffing and bursting intensity and therefore the evaporation rate of the vegetable oil droplets, but in an inert environment or when the environment is oxygen-depleted puffing and bursting phenomena disappearing and make place of a series of explosions with lower magnitude. The lack of oxygen reduces the thermal degradation, polymerization and oxidation reactions and consequently the vaporization rate of vegetable oils droplets; and could therefore lead to the formation of deposits in the form of polymers. This is unsuitable for their use as a fuel in diesel engines. It can also be concluded that atmospheric oxygen has some positive effects on engine performance and emissions when operating with vegetable oil. These results help to address the challenge for the use of alternative fuels such as non-edible vegetable oils.

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Comparison of Engine Performance and Emissions for Petroleum Diesel Fuel, Yellow Grease Biodiesel, and Soybean Oil Biodiesel

Çanakçı¹,

Gerpen²

2003

Transactions of the ASAE

223

116

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Biodiesel is a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable alternative fuel that can be used with little or no engine modifications. Biodiesel is currently expensive but would be more cost effective if it could be produced from low-cost oils (restaurant waste, frying oils, animal fats). These low-cost feedstocks are more challenging to process because they contain high levels of free fatty acids. A process for converting these feedstocks to fuel-grade biodiesel has been developed and described previously. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the biodiesel produced from high free fatty acid feedstocks on engine performance and emissions. Two different biodiesels were prepared from animal fat-based yellow grease with 9% free fatty acids and from soybean oil. The neat fuels and their 20% blends with No. 2 diesel fuel were studied at steady-state engine operating conditions in a four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine. Although both biodiesel fuels provided significant reductions in particulates, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons, the oxides of nitrogen increased by 11% and 13% for the yellow grease methyl ester and soybean oil methyl ester, respectively. The conversion of the biodiesel fuel's energy to work was equal to that from diesel fuel.

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Performance characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine operating on methyl soyoil and methyl tallow esters

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Production of biodiesel from feedstocks with high free fatty acids and its effect on diesel engine performance and emissions

Production of biodiesel from feedstocks with high free fatty acids and its effect on diesel engine performance and emissions

The Effect of Atmospheric Oxygen on the Puffing and Bursting Phenomena during Vegetable Oils Droplets Vaporization Process for Their Use as Biofuel in Diesel Engine

Comparison of Engine Performance and Emissions for Petroleum Diesel Fuel, Yellow Grease Biodiesel, and Soybean Oil Biodiesel

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