Performance characterization of M-cycle indirect evaporative cooler and heat recovery ventilator for commercial buildings – Experiments and model

Numerical Analysis on Performance Improvement of a Vertical Plate Indirect Evaporative Cooler with Baffles

“…For the heat exchange plate between the dry channel and the wet channel, the heat exchange energy conservation equation is defined as Equation (13).…”

“…In pursuit of carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets, it is imperative to reduce carbon emissions from air-conditioning [6][7][8][9]. If the efficiency and cooling capacity of the IEC (Indirect Evaporative Cooler) can be improved by integrating with other technologies, such as dehumidification [10], electrical refrigeration [11], and phase change heat storage [12], and by employing measures, such as M-cycle [13], baffles [14], and multi-stage series coolers [15], IEC would be a preferred choice due to it being eco-friendly [16,17]. Among evaporative coolers, the PIEC (Plate Indirect Evaporative Cooler) and its performance improvements has received attention due its compact structure, high efficiency, and product air (primary air) with a constant humidity [18,19], of which the baffle is a practical component.…”

Modeling and optimization of the parameters of the heat accumulator of the combined livestock-heliogreenhouse complex

“…Where, w ttemperature of water in water tank accumulators, ºC; air tthe temperature of the air moving through the space between the batteries, ºC; air Nuis the Nusselt number in the turbulent regime for a cross-sectional set of air flow washing water tank accumulators and can be found using the following expression: through which the air moves (aw.t./deq.) and the Reynolds number for the air flow, it is selected according to [13] Taking into account the expressions (3), ( 4), ( 5), (6), calculate the coefficient of heat transfer by heated (cooling) air to the water tank accumulator set (in charging mode) and the coefficient of heat transfer to the air accumulated in the water tank accumulator (in discharge mode) we can write as follows [15]:…”

“…As a result, a large amount of heat and carbon dioxide gas is released into the atmosphere, which has a negative impact on the ecological situation. If the process of transferring the wastes of this livestock building to the helio-greenhouse through ventilation is carried out in the winter, the temperature of the heliogreenhouse will be moderated and the need for CO2 food source for plant photosynthesis will be satisfied [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”