Non-von Neumann-type computers, such as quantum computers and Ising machines that operate on principles different from those of present-day computers, are attracting attention. They are particularly powerful when applied to specific types of problems such as combinatorial optimization problems, quantum chemical calculations, and prime factorization, and since solutions to problems such as these can have a significant impact on society, research of new-principle computers is moving forward at a vigorous pace. The following Feature Articles in this issue introduce theoretical and experimental activities regarding new-principle computers at NTT laboratories while describing recent advances in this field.