Performance Comparison of Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans on Azo-Dye (Eriochrome Black T) Phytoremediation

Abstract

<jats:p>Organic pollutants, such as dyes, have a negative effect on the aqueous environment, therefore, their elimination from water bodies is a high priority. In this work, Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans, both model plants with high phytoremediation efficiency, were exposed to various concentrations (Ci = 50–500 mg/L) of Eriochrome Black T (EBT). Their capacity to assimilate EBT was studied for 16 days of exposure, similar to natural conditions and by spectrophotometric monitoring of the dye concentration (EE. crassipes; 150 mg/L = 33%; ES. natans; 150 mg/L = 71.5%). The changes of the experimental parameters (pH—equalised by day 5, temperature, humidity, light intensity) were followed, and plant growth and biochemical responses to toxic stress effects (photosynthetic pigments, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)—decreased effect of P, Mg, Ca, S and K, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), defense enzyme) were examined. Furthermore, changes in oxidative- and photo-degradation of EBT in time and the solid-state properties (SEM, EDX, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy-FTIR) of the dye were investigated. Our results demonstrate that, despite the toxic stress, both species succeeded in reducing the dye-concentration of the water and S. natans proved to be more efficient in binding and removing organic dyes. With our findings, we proved that both plants alleviated the abiotic stress of dye contamination.</jats:p>

Source identification and exposure assessment to PM10 in the Eastern Carpathians, Romania

“…After that, the samples were examined by Scanning Jeol JEM 5510 JV SEM, and studied with Oxford Instruments EDS Analysis System Inca 300 (UK) to examine its elemental composition. EDX measurements help to identify the elemental composition (Rápó et al 2020).…”

Advancement in Sustainable Wastewater Treatment: A Multifaceted Approach to Textile Dye Removal through Physical, Biological and Chemical Techniques

“…As the dye concentration increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the amount of chlorophyll present in the plants. [29] Another significant source of dye contamination in water bodies is Toluidine Blue, a phenothiazine dye which has been reported to have mutagenic effects and is hazardous to both DNA and RNA. These findings highlight the importance of responsible dye usage, proper disposal, and effective wastewater treatment processes to minimize the environmental and health risks associated with dye pollutants.…”

“…Studies indicated that the stress imposed by the dye led to alterations in the photosynthetic pigments, as evidenced by changes in the carotenoid‐to‐chlorophyll ratio. As the dye concentration increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the amount of chlorophyll present in the plants [29] . Another significant source of dye contamination in water bodies is Toluidine Blue, a phenothiazine dye which has been reported to have mutagenic effects and is hazardous to both DNA and RNA.…”

Lithium Accumulation in Salvinia natans Free-Floating Aquatic Plant

“…Salvinia natans (L.) All. ( S. natans ) is a free-floating fern from the Salviniaceae family and has a high tolerance to a wide range of pollutants and a rapid growth rate [ 22 ]. It is native to Europe and widely spread within temperate, tropical, and subtropical regions [ 16 , 23 , 24 ].…”