Performance Comparison of Offline and Real-Time Models of a Power Take-Off for Qualification Activities of Wave Energy Converters

Castellini, L.; Gallorini, Federico; Alessandri, Giacomo; Alves, Erick Fernando; Montoya, Dan El; Tedeschi, Elisabetta

doi:10.1109/ever52347.2021.9456630

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The first task was assessed by NTNU in [13] by comparing the results of a real-time model to those of the de-risking process presented in section V.…”

Section: Hardware-in-the-loop Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

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An innovative Hardware-In-the-Loop rig for linear PTO testing

Alessandri¹,

Gallorini²,

Castellini³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Mar. Ene.

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This paper describes the activities related to the design, manufacturing and commissioning of an innovative Hardware-In-the-Loop test rig for linear Power Take-Off testing. The rig is characterised by a fully coupled architecture in which three electro-mechanical units integrating a ballscrew and an electrical machine can actuate on a linear axis, either as motor or generator. A preliminary mechanical design of the test rig was carried out by identifying the most demanding conditions. The electrical and mechanical designs were assessed through a de-risking simulation of the overall test rig set-up, considering faults between the motors and respective power converters. The resulting rig setup includes a structure that embeds the three units, an electrical control panel and a control system. The use of electro-mechanical units increases the flexibility of the setup and simplifies the test of extreme conditions such as maximum output power or actuation force. Moreover, it allows reusing the power produced by the generating devices, thus reducing operational costs of the tests. The control system integrates a real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, a supervisory control and data acquisition systems. Those offer not only the possibility of easily tuning parameters but also testing new control strategies, operational situations, and failures of a power-take-off system in very realistic conditions.

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“…The first task was assessed by NTNU in [13] by comparing the results of a real-time model to those of the de-risking process presented in section V.…”

Section: Hardware-in-the-loop Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second source of discrepancy is due to the usage of a simplified, near-optimal solution of the field weakening technique, more suitable for embedded, real-time controls. This algorithm is a protective and preventive strategy to ensure that the technical voltage and current limits of the machine are respected [13].…”

Section: Hardware-in-the-loop Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative Hardware-In-the-Loop rig for linear PTO testing

Alessandri¹,

Gallorini²,

Castellini³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Mar. Ene.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Comparison of Offline, Real-Time Models and Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Results of a Power Take-Off for Wave Energy Applications

Castellini

Gallorini²,

Alessandri³

et al. 2022

JMSE

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The power take-off (PTO) of a wave energy converter (WEC) converts mechanical power extracted from the waves into electrical power. Increasing PTO performance under several operational conditions is therefore essential to reduce the levelized cost of energy of a given wave energy concept and to achieve higher levels of technology readiness. A key task in the WEC design will then be the holistic assessment of the PTO performance in combination with other subsystems. It is hence important that WEC designers are aware of the different modeling options. This paper addresses this need and presents two alternative wave-to-wire modeling approaches based on a 250 kW modular electromechanical PTO coupled to an oscillating wave surge converter (OWSC) device. The first is a detailed and accurate offline model. The second model is a simplified and faster version of the first, being adequate for rapid analyses and real-time (RT) simulation. The paper presents the benchmarking of the offline model against the RT model and the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests of the PTO. The normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) is considered as a quantitative indicator for the measurement of real-time and HIL test results against the offline simulation. Results show that the dynamics of the offline model are well represented by the RT model with execution times up to 10 times faster. The offline model also depicts well the behavior observed in the HIL tests with the NRMSE values for the PTO position, velocity, and force above 0.90, which shows the HIL test results replicates with fidelity the dynamic behavior of the complete model. Meaningful differences are however present and highlighted in this paper. An understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of these three approaches is fundamental to properly design a WEC during its project cycle and validate PTO concepts with a certain level of simplification.

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Performance Comparison of Offline and Real-Time Models of a Power Take-Off for Qualification Activities of Wave Energy Converters

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

An innovative Hardware-In-the-Loop rig for linear PTO testing

An innovative Hardware-In-the-Loop rig for linear PTO testing

Comparison of Offline, Real-Time Models and Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Results of a Power Take-Off for Wave Energy Applications

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